TAKS 4
Terms
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- Universal solvent
- Water- due to its polarity and ability to dissolve many different solutes
- Digestion
- The process of making food absorbable by breaking it down into simpler chemical compounds
- Physical change
- Alters the properties of a substance, but not its chemical composition
- Density
- A ratio that compares the mass of an object to its volume
- Noble Gases
- Elements in group 8A, are not reactive, contain 8 valence electrons
- Rock cycle
- Continuous dynamic set of processes by which rocks are changed into other types of rock
- Polar
- Description of covalent solid in which electrons are shared unequally given the molecule charged parts
- Halogens
- Elements in group 7A, very reactive, contain 7 valence electrons
- Oxidation
- The loss of electrons from the atoms of a substance
- Element
- A substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances
- Alkali metals
- Elements in group 1A, very reactive, contain one valence electron
- Compound
- Composed of atoms of different substances that are chemically combined
- Fluid
- A material that flows and has no definite shape
- Physical properties
- Characteristic of a material that can be observed without changing the identity of the material
- Metamorphic rock
- Rock formed when heat and pressure are applied to other rocks, these new rocks have new chemical composition (chemical change)
- Buoyancy
- Ability of a fluid to exert and upward force on an object immersed in the fluid
- Mixture
- Combination of substances that do not combine chemically but do retain their individual properties
- Viscosity
- A measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow.
- Law of conservation of mass
- State that mass is neither created nor destroyed
- Balanced chemical equation
- Reaction in which the number of atoms of each kind of element is equal of both sides
- Periodic group
- A column of elements on the periodic table, these elements will have similar properties
- Solvent
- The dissolving medium
- Condensation
- The process by which gas such as water vapor changes to liquid such as water- how clouds are formed
- Solute
- The substance that dissolves
- Base
- A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue
- Solubility
- The maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure
- Igneous rock
- Rock formed from magma hardening (physical change)
- Chemical change
- Process involving one or more substances changing into new substances
- State of matter
- Physical forms in which all matter naturally exists
- Evaporation
- The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to the gaseous state, such as water vapor
- Acid
- A substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and turns blue litmus paper red
- Solution
- Uniform mixture that may contain solids, lquids, or gases
- Precipitation
- Forms of water such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail that fall from clouds and reach the earth's surface
- Sedimentary rock
- Rock formed from rock fragments being compacted (physical change)
- Rusting
- The oxidation of iron