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Chapter 23: Light. Vocab

Terms

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Complementary Color
One of two colors that combine to form white light
Cone
Nerve cell in the retina of the eye that is sensitive to a primary color.
Diffuse Reflection
Reflected light that is scattered in many different directions due to an irregular surface: produces a "fuzzy"
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Arrangement of electromagnetic waves in order of their wavelength and thus their frequency
Electromagnetic Waves
Wave that is both electric and magnetic in nature, light wave.
Farsightedness
Condition in which a person had difficilty seeing nearby objects.
Gamma Ray
Highest Frequency electromagnetic wave.
Index of Refraction
Measure of the amount by which a material refracts light
Infrared Ray
Electromagnetic wave with a frequency slightly lower than visible red light.
Invisible Spectrum
Waves with frequency less than 430 trillion hertz or greater than 760 trillion hertz that are thus invisible to the human eye.
Iris
Colored area surrounding the pupil of the eye that controls the amount of light that enters the pupil.
Microwave
Radio wave with a frequency between 1 billion hertz and 1 trillion hertz
Modulation
Variation in either amplitude or frequency of a wave.
Nearsightedness
Condition in which a person has difficulty seeing objects at a distance.
Opaque
Unable to transmit light.
Photoelectric Effect
The production of electrons by photons of light
Photon
The tiny particle that contains the exact amount of energy absorbed by the electron
Polarized Light
Light whose waves vibrate along a single plane.
Primary Color
One of three colors that can be mixed to produce light of any color: red, blue or green.
Primary Pigment
Yellow, Sigan, Magenta
Pupil
an opening that allows light to enter the eye
Radar
Radio detecting and ranging: short: wavelength microwaves used in locationg objects, calculating distnace to objects, and monitoring speed.
Radio Wave
Electromagnetic wave with a frequency between 10,000 hertz and 1 trillion-hertz.
Regular Reflection
Relfected light in which the rays are reflected parallel to each other with very little scattering; produces a clearly defined image
Retina
Part of the eye on which light converges to form an image
Rod
Nerve cell in the retina of the eye that is sensitive to light and dark
Translucent
Able to tramsmit light but no detail of that light
Transparent
Able to transmit light readily
Ultraviolet Ray
Electromagnetic wave with a frequency just higher than visible violet light
Visible Spectrum
Portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to which human eyes are sensitive; light waves with frequencies between 430 trillion hertz and 760 trillion hertz.
X-ray
Electromagnetic wave with a frequency just above ultraviolet

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