blooood
Terms
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- red blood cells
- transport oxygen; help transport carbon dioxide; bright-red to dark-purple biconcave disks without nuclei
- white blood cells
- fight infection; remove dead/dying cells; destroy cancer cells
- neutrophils
- phagocytize pathogens; spherical cells with multilobed nuclei; fine, lilac granules in cytoplasm if stained
- eosinphils
- phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes and allergens; spherical cells with bilobed nuclei; coarse, deep-red granules in cytoplasm if stained
- basophils
- release histamine and heparin; spherical cells with lobed nuclei; large, deep-blue granules in cytoplasm if stained
- lymphocytes
- responsible for specific immunity; spherical cells; large, round nuclei
- monocytes
- become macrophages that phagocytize pathogens and cellular debris; large, spherical cells; kidney-shaped, round, or lobed nuclei
- platelets
- aid hemostasis; disk-shaped cell fragments with no nuclei; purple granules in cytoplasm
- sickle cell anemia
- abnormal hemoglobin formed; makes RBC fragile spiky and sharp; protects against malaria
- leukemia
- cancer of the blood characterized by abnormal increase in WBC; WBC accumulate in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver so organs do not function properly; lack of blood platelets
- polycythemia
- increase in RBC; abnormally high erythrocyte count; makes blood viscous, decreases flow, increases clot formation
- acute hemolytic anemia
- rate of RBC destruction increases; RBCs rupture or lyse; caused by hemoglobin abnormalities, mismatched transfused blood, parasitic infections