oral pathology , Blood Dyscrasias
Terms
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- What is purpura?
- A general term for submucosal, subcutaneous bleeding.
- What is petechiae?
- A small, pinpoint, non-elevated red spot of submucosal bleeding.
- What is ecchymosis?
- A purple or purplish-red, non-elevated area of submucosal bleeding larger than a petechiae.
- What is a hematoma?
- A purple or purplish-red, elevated area of submucosal bleeding.
- What is an epistaxis?
- A spontaneous nose bleed
- What is a hematuria?
- Blood in the urine.
- What is a hemoptysis?
- Coughing up of blood
- What is a hemolysis?
- A rupture of erthrocytes with loss of hemoglobin
- What is erythropenia?
- A decrease in circulating in red blood cell (RBC's)
- What is a leukopenia?
- A decrease in circulating white blood cells (WBC's)
- What is a thrombocytopenia?
- A decrease in circulating platelets
- thrombocytopenia? (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura)
- a disease of the platelets resulting in a decrease in numbers
- Thrombocytopenia?
- idiopathic. oral manifestations include spontaneous gingival bleeding, ecchymoses, petechiae, or purpura; invasive procedures are contraindicated while platelet count is depressed
- The cause of secondary thrombocytopenic purpura?
- Due to drugs, chemicals or radiation
- What is the cause of immune thrombocytopenic purpura?
- Etiology is autoimmune.
- The treatment for primary thrombocytopenia is?
- Pt may undergo spontaneous remission or transfusion, steroids and spleenectomy.
- The treatment of secondary thrombocytopenia?
- To eliminate the etiology if possible, and like the primary the patient may undergo spontaneous remission, transfusion, steriods spleenectomy
- The disorder looks the same as thrombocytopenia but the etiology is different
- Nonthrombocytopenia purpura- spontaneous bleeding
- Nonthrombocytopenia purpura is caused by?
-
capillary fragility or a defect in the platelet function (ex. aspirin ingestion, nonsterioid anti-inflammatories, and autoimmune disease)
treatment is the same as for thrombocytopenia - A genetic form of nonthrombocytopenia purpura?
- Von Willebrand's disease
- A genetic disease resulting in a deficiency of a clotting factor?
- Hemophilia
- Name the three types of hemophilia?
- Hemophilia A, B, and C
- Hemophilia A?
- Factor 8 deficiency (x-linked transmission; you can either have a deficiency or be missing this. Happens in males passed on from the mothers.)
- Ths disorder requires weekly injections of factor 8.
- Hemophilia A
- Hemophilia B?
- Factor 9 deficiency (x-linked transmission)
- Often called the Christmas Disease?
- Hemophillia B
- Hemophilia C?
- Factor 11 deficiency (autoimmune transmission) not sex-linked transmission
- what are the oral manifestations of hemophilia?
- spontaneous gingival bleeding, purpura, petechiae, ecchymoses, and epitaxis; invasive procedure such as prophylaxis is contraindicated until missing factor is replaced. Treatment; replace the missing factor