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Unit 1, World Geography, Grade 6 Calvert

Terms

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mosque
A mosque is an Islamic place of worship.
How did the beginning of agriculture allow the development of civilization?
Agriculture allowed for specilization because not everyone would have to grow their own food. Those people who did not have to grow food could make other products or provide other services.
ore
A mineral mined to obtain a substance that it contains.
How did English become one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.
At one time England had the largest empire in the world and spread the English language and culture.
language family
A language family is a group of languages that all come from one ancestor language.
What is a choropleth map?
A choropleth map is a distribution map that uses different colors to show the distribution of a product in a region or in the world. The colors also show how much of the product is produced in various areas.
Sinusoidal projection
A Sinusooidal projection map is a map o which shapes at the poles are squeezed and bent, and the lines of longitude are not of equal length. Area is not distorted.
What were wind and water used to power?
Wind and water were used to power machinges for factories and transportation.
What bodies of water border Spain?
Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and the Bay of Biscay
Mollweide projection
A Mollweide projection map is an oval-shaped map that does not distort the area, but shapes and directions are distorted at the edges of the map.
Why, do you think, would Eratosthenes' discovery have encouraged explorers to seek new lands?
Explorers no longer would have feared falling off a flat earth.
In what ways does religion affect parts of people's lives?
A people's religious beliefs tell them when to work and worship, how to worship, what to eat and how to prepare food. Religion also affects art, music, celebrations, clothing, and architecture.
service industry
Service industry is work that provides a service rather than goods.
Mercator projection
A Mercator projection map is shaped like a rectangle. All lines of longitude and latitude cross at right angles. Land areas in the high latitutdes appear to be much larger than they really are.
What was the result of creating alloys such as bronze and steel?
Alloys allowed people to make stronger weapons and tools.
What is the difference between small-scale maps and large scale maps?
Small-scale maps show little detail but much area. Large-scale maps show great detail but only a small area.
Name three religions that help shape the culture of people around the world.
Answers may includ Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.
What are four different types of map projections?
Mercator projection, Mollweide projection, Sinusoidal projection, and Gnomonic projection.
Why was the steam engine a revolutionary advance in technology?
The steam engine revolutionized transportation and manufacturing.
Gnomonic projection
A Gnomonic projection map has straight lines on the map to show the shortest distances between places on earth. Navigators use maps with this projection.
Why is it important to develop accurate maps?
Accurate maps are important for travel and exploration.
subsistence
Subsistence is an economy in which the people collect only enough food to feed themselves.
Why do maps have different scales?
Different maps show different size areas.
culture
The way of life of a people, including their language, beliefs, religion, traditions, eating habits, and manner of dress.
distortion
Distortion is a twisting or stretching out of shape.
alloys
An alloy is a mixtures of metals that is harder or stronger than the individual metals from which it is made.
What distortion is found in a Mercator projection?
Size is distorted.
Name some of the language families.
Germanic languages
Romance languages
Arabic languages
Chinese & Japanese
Swahili
English
Quechua
What sort of location did Robinson Crusoe choose for his new home? Why?
He chose a high, flat spot near water. He wanted a location from where he could spot a ship, have water and shelter, and be secure from wild animals.
nomads
Nomads are people who have no permanent home and who move from place to place.
Why do different map projections have distortions?
All flat maps show distortion because changes occur when the round globe is transferred to a flat surface.
In what ways does culture affect how we eat as well as what we eat?
A people's cultural habits about eating include rules of hand-washing, who eats first and where, where and how you sit, and what you use to eat.

Culture helps determine what is eaten, especially in how to prepare food and what to choose to eat from what is available.
natural resource
A natural resource is a material made by nature that people can use.
pastoralism
Pastoralism is the practice of herding animals for a living.
How are physical maps used?
Physical maps are used to show people who build roads, railroads, and houses whee the most level land is.
domesticate
To domesticate is to tame wild animals to live with humans.
What is the starting point of longitude?
The Prime Meridian is the starting point of longitude.
great circle
A great circile is any circle on the earth's surface that divides the earth into equal parts.
How are great circle routes best shown on a map?
Great circles are best shown with a polar projection.
physical map
A physical map shows the earth's features, such as mountains and plains. It also shows what the elevation, or height, of the land is.
What map would be used to compare the resources of the United States with those of Canada?
A distribution map would be used.
projection (on a map)
Projection is the representation on a map of all or part of the earth.
How does the grid system help to locate places on a map?
It gives each place an absolute location so that the place can be quickly located.
map key
A map key is a device on a map that tells what real things and places the symbols on a map stand for.
What kind of map would a cartographer use to show more detail of an area?
A cartographer would use a large-scale map.
weather
The weather is the condition of the air at a certain time, in terms of precipitation, temperature, and other factors.
Why is the Robinson projection used in this book?
The Robinson projection shows the correct size and shape of continents.
What observations did Robinson Crusoe make about the climate to make his survival easier?
He observed the changes of the seasons. He ndeded to know when rain came in order to grow a garden for food.
How can you tell which landforms are represented by contour lines?
Steep landforms are shown by contour lines that rae close together; gently sloping ones are shown by contour lines taht are far apart.
kilometer
A kilometer is a measure of distance in the metric system.
grid system
A grid system is a network of horizontal lines of latitude and vertical lines of longitude that aids in the location of places on a map.
compass rose
A compass rose is a small drawing on a map, used to show direction.
distribution map
A distribution map shows the range of people, crops, or resources in a country or region.
plantation
A plantation is a large commercial farm that grows only one specific crop.
latitude
Latitude is distance, measured in degrees, north and south of the Equator.

Lines of latitude are used to locate places on a map or globe.
hemisphere
Hemisphere is half the earth or globe.
atmosphere
The atomosphere is a blanket of air that covers the earth.
climate
A climate is the pattern of weather that a place has over a period of time. Temperature and precipitation are two important parts of climate.
longitude
Longitude is the distance, measured in degrees, east and west of the Prime Meridian.

Lines of longitude are imaginary circules that go around the earth and pass through the North and South Poles.
map scale
A map scale shows that a certain number of inches (or other measure) on the map represents a certain number of feet or miles on the earth's surface.
What island resources did Crusoe use for his shelter, food, and clothing?
Crusoe used trees, a flat grassy plain, and a cave for shelter; wild goats, fish, turtle eggs, grapes and other fruit, barley and rice seeds, and soil and seasonal rains for food; and animals for clothing.
geography
Geography is the science that deals with location of living and nonliving things on the earth and the way they affect one another.
contour line (on a map)
A contour line is a line that drawn on a map that connects all points of land that are the same height above sea level.
What two countries border Spain?
Portugal and France
landform
Landforms are features of the earth's surface that are made by nature, such as mountains, hills, rivers, lakes, and oceans.
cartography
Cartography is the making of maps.

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