African States Information

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Morocco (#44) N. Africa: Morocco
France
1956
King Alexander the 6th
Rabat
-strategically important to US b/c of location on Mediterranean Sea
-gained independence in the year when UN said Arab African nations would
Algeria (#8) N. Africa: France
1962
president Bouteflika
Algiers
-gained independence after Algerian Revolution b/c French settlers didn't want to give up wine country
Libya (#32) N. Africa: -Italy
-1952
-Khadafi or Gadafy
-Tripoli
-earliest Arab nation in N. Africa to gain independence b/c of good relations w/UN
-has a lot of oil
-Khadafi wants to unite African Arab nations into Arab Federation
-very violent and powerful, must sleep in diff. place each night to avoid assassination
-has 12 female bodyguards
Tunisia (#24) N. Africa: France
1956
Ben Ali
Tunis
-1 of most economically stable countries in Africa b/c of lack of Islam fundamentalists and good relations w/Europe
-good soccer team
-was part of Roman empire (Carthage=Tunis)
Egypt (#2) N. Africa and Horn of Africa: Britain (control of Red Sea and Suez canal)
1922 (good relations w/king of England)
Hosni Mubarak
Cairo
-part of Horn of Africa & N. Africa b/c of sharing of Nile's resources
-US pours more financial aid to Egypt than all other African countries combined b/c of its proximity to the middle east
Sudan (#7) Horn of Africa: British and Egyptians
1956
President El Bashir
Khartoum
-largest country in terms of land
-important to British for cotton production
Ethiopia (#3) Horn of Africa: never colonized (Italy attempted)
3000 B.C.
Prime Minister Zenawi
Addis Ababa
-populated by "black jews"
-one of most backward states despite early independence
-good relations w/Israel
Eritrea (#39) Horn of Africa: Italy then Ethiopia
1992
president Afawerki
Asmara
-seceded from Ethiopia, making it a landlocked state
-youngest country in Africa
Djibouti (#49) Horn of Africa: French
1977
President Guelleh
Djibouti
-economy recently changed from goat herding to US military base b/c of war in Iraq
Somalia (#22) Horn of Africa: Italy and Britain
1960
provisional President Yusuf
Mogadishu
-"failed state" b/c no funtioning gov. since 1991
Kenya (#10) East Africa: British
1963
president Kibaki
Nairobi
-british war vets were compensated by farmland in "Kenya Highlands"
-Mau Mau rebellion by Kikuyu tribe
-2nd talles mtn (Mt. Kenya)
-one of most stable countries for a long time
-tourist haven
Uganda (#11) East Africa: British
1962
President General Museveni
Kampala
-Musevini defeated Idi Amin who was violent
-borders beautiful Lake Victoria
-produces a lot of tea
Tanzania (#6) East Africa: Britain and Germany
1961/1964
president Wekwete
Dodoma
-Tanganyika became independent in 1961 but joined with Zanzibar to form Tanzania in 1964
-talles mtn (Mt. Kilimanjaro)
-1st pres. Julius Nyerere was visionary teacher who joined w/Zanzibar
-121 tribes
-has ACM program b/c of stability
South Africa (#5) Southern Africa: Dutch/British
1910 (still British Dominion)
president Mbeki
Pretoria and Cape Town
Cape Town Legislative
Pretoria Federal
"Orange Express" train travels b/t capitals
-most developed country
-50% world's gold & diamonds
-Nelson Mandela well known ruler who resigned after 1st term
-immigration problem
-pays immigrants w/peanuts
-55 mil ppl. 4.5 mil white
-tried to develop nuclear weapons under Afrikaner rule
Namibia (previously South West Africa) (#41) Southern Africa: Germany/South Africa
1990
president Popamba
Windhoek
-Caprivi Strip above Botswana from Germans trying to reach Tanganyika
-Namib desert in West and Kalahari in East (San ppl)
-S. African apartheid policy
-peaceful, tourists visit for animals
Botswana (#42) Southern Africa: British Protectorate
1966
President Mogae
Gaborone
-asked British for protection from expansionist Germany (Caprivi strip)
-"Nyatsi"=wives left behind can have boyfriends
Lesotho (#40) Southern Africa: British Protectorate
1966
King Lietse 3rd
Maseru
-Drakensberg Mtns
-revenue hydroelectric power
Swaziland (#47) Southern Africa: British Protectorate
1968
King Mswati 3rd
Mbabane
-King marrying 12th wife
-virgins wear white ribbon, non-virgins wear black
-traditional African country
-Kings father had 150 wives and 600 children
Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia) (#17) Southern Africa: British
1980
pres Robert Mugabe(dictator)
Harare
-15 yr war of liberation led to independence
-Mugabe ruined economy from "bread basket of Africa" to "banana republic"
-Harare has 1.8 million ppl (size of Denver)
-dangerous under dictator
Mozambique (#13) Southern Africa: Portugal
1975
president Guebuza
Maputo
-independent after Portuguese military coups of 1974
-good fish in Maputo
-Zimbabwe oil pipeline thru
-poor country helped by US
Malawi (Nyasaland) (#18) Southern Africa: British Protectorate
1964
president Mutharika
Lilongwe
-Dr. Hastings Banda died in 1994
-Lake Malawi on East side
-beautiful, good wild mangos
Zambia (Northern Rhodesia) (#23) Southern Africa: British Protectorate
1964
president Mwanamasa
Lusaka
-potentially 1 of richest
-1/3 of world's copper "Copper Belt"
Angola (#19) Southern Africa: Portugal
1975
Jose dos Santos
Luanda
Rwanda (#27) Central Africa: Germany/Belguim
1962
Kagame
Kigali
-Tutsi (15%) Hutu (85%)
-involved in African World War
Burundi (#29) Central Africa: Germany/Belgium
1962
Nkuruzinza
Bujumbura
-Tutsi (15%) Hutu (85%)
-invovled in African World War
Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) (Zaire) (#4) Central Africa: Belgium
1960
Kabila
Kinshasa (Leopoldville)
-Africa's World War
-Child Soldiers
-UN Soldiers rape women
-Lumumba nationalist hero
-Congo River navigable
Congo Republic (#37) Central Africa: France
1960
Nguesso
Brazaville
Gabon (#43) Central Africa: France
1960
General Bongo
Libreville
-Bongo long & good ruler
-stable & prosperous
-equatorial forests
Equatorial Guinea (#51) Central Africa: Spain
1965
Ngema
Malabo
Cameroon (#16) Central Africa: Germany, British, French
1960
Paul Biva
Yaounde
-bilingual (French/English)
Central African Republic (CAR) (#35) Central Africa: France
1960
Bozize
Bangui
-canopy of tall trees
-rainy/hot
Chad (#28) Central Africa: French
1960
Deby
N'Djamena (Fort Lamy)
-unstable, wars
-refugees from Dafur (Sudan)
Nigeria (#1) West Africa: French
1960
Obasanjo
Abuja
-3 regions (lang.)
-2nd most influential
-largest population
-leads ECOWAS
Benin (#31) West Africa: French
1960
Yayi
Porto Novo
-"flea on Nigeria's back"
Togo (#34) West Africa: Germany/France
1960
Gnassingbe
Lome
Ghana (#12) West Africa: British
1957 (1st sub-saharan)
Akufuor
Accra
-Dr. Kwame Nkrumah 1st pres
-formed OAU
-wanted to unite Africa and be 1st African pres
-Gold Coast (slaves = black gold)
-largest producer of cocoa
-stable
Ivory Coast (#14) West Africa: French
1960
Gbagbo
Abidjan
-2nd largest producer of cocoa
Liberia (#36) West Africa: never colonized (USA)
independent 1847 (2nd oldest)
Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf (woman)
Monrovia
-freed US slaves created Oligarchy
-superiority complex
Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) (#21) West Africa: French
1960
Campore
Ouagadougou
-genital mutilation
-"pure" women accept it
-name means "land of incorruptible men"
Mali (#20) West Africa: French
1960
Toure
Bamako
-River Niger runs through
-Timbuktu ancient univeristy
-desert (few peanuts grown)
Mauritania (#38) West Africa: French
1960
Voll
Nauakchott
-former pres Yayi overthrown while on vacation
Senegal (#26)West Africa: French
1960
Wade
Dakar
-very French culture
-stable
The Gambia (#46) West Africa: French
1960
General Jammeh
Banjul
Guinea-Bissau (#45) West Africa: Portugal
1975
Vieira
Bissau
Guinea (#30) West Africa: French
1958 (2nd sub-saharan)
Conte
Conakery
-Sekou Toure decided not to keep relations w/France, but to have complete independence
-DeGaul removed all French things and made Guinea poor
Sierra Leone (#33) West Africa: British
1965
Kabbah
Freetown
-British freed slaves
Niger (#25) West Africa: French
1960
General Tandja
Niamey

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