Chapters 3 & 4
Terms
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copy deck
- Why was there a growth in the demand for books toward the end of the Middle Ages/Beginning of the Renaissance?
- people were generally interested in learning/owning books (as a status symbol)
- the first printing press was adapted from ___________
- a press used to press grapes into wine
- 2 artists who wrote about proportions of letters for Scribes
- Leonardo DaVinci and Albrect Dürer
- Who developed the art of printing in Europe? When? Where?
-
- Johann Gutenberg
- 1450
- Mainz, Germany - name and define three other inventions developed and refined by Gutenberg
-
1. refined oil-based ink that was tacky enough to stick to the metal letters, yet released onto the paper. [upgrade from egg white tempera]
2. the two-part precision mold, allowed casting of letters that were precisely the same height and depth.
3. The Galley, a metal frame for holding type in place on the press bed. The Chase, an adjustable locking device used for locking type in place on the press. - ______________ is the lettering style that the earliest printed type was based on
- Gothic Textura
- why is the invention of printing considered one of the first uses of mass production?
- the production of the book was broken down into a series of tasks, and a craftsman did not make an entire book from beginning to end.
- Name the first printed book using moveable, reusable type
- Gutenberg's 42 Line Bible
- who threw out the first printer out of his workshop and stole the proceeds of the sale of the books?
- Fust
- Who designed the typeface "Old Face" that was popular in England for hundreds of years?
- Caslon
- Who printed the first paperback book?
- Aldus Manutius
- Who printed the first book in English?
- Caxton
- Victorian type was used predominantly for...
- posters, ads, packaging, etc.
- ___________ created the first paperback, small scale book for individual use
- Aldus Manutius
- ____________ designed the first italic font
- Griffo
- __________ designed script typefaces based on the handwriting of the day
- Grandjon
- _____________ is considered the first publisher; published classic Greek and Roman text for students
- Aldus Manutius
- ____________ cut the punches for the Romaine du Roi
- Grandjean
- __________ was known as the first typefounder
- Garamond
- ___________ was known as the first type designer, seperate from the first type punch cutter
- Baskerville
- ___________ designed the first sans serif font
- Caslon IV
- __________ designed the first pure Roman typeface that helped the move away from Gothic fonts
- Jenson
- _____________ was the name given to the first 50 years after the invention of printing when there were lots of printing innovations
- Incunabula
- _______________ was the name of the font designed for early typewriters
- Pica
- Printing in the colonies was...
- fuel to the Revolution.
- Victorian type is recognized as...
- Ornamented and Flourished
- _________ is the term for the casting of two characters that are joined on the same piece of lead
- Ligatures
- __________ is the term for the tightening of letter-spacing between characters
- Kerning
- __________ was responsible for the move of workers from the fields to the cities
- the Industrial Revolution
- ___________ allowed paper to be made using wood pulp, on machines...rather by hand
- Foundrinier's Roll Machine
- ___________ determined that structure and proportions for the Romain du Roi using a grid of 6304 squares.
- The French Academy of Sciences, or Phillipe Grandjean
- _________ requires the ink to be spread into the recesses of the plate; can only give a limited # of impressions.
- Copperplate engraving
- allows the ink to sit on top of the raised metal letters
- Letterpress Printing
- hardened steel original version of the letter that is used to make the impression into the brass plate
- Punch
- the soft brass plate that the cut version of the letter is hammered into
- Matrix
- the typeface of the first printed book
- Gothic Textura
- printing press innovation by Baskerville
- hot pressed paper
- A style in France, known for so much decoration that the initial caps are tough to read
- Rococo type
- were the same character in early English
- U and V
- name given to early typewriters
- Practical Writing Machines
- designed Oldstyle typeface
- Caslon
- designed a Transitional typeface
- Baskerville
- designed a Modern style typeface
- Bodoni or Didot
- developed the first typewriter
- William Austin Burt
- first applied the steam engine to the printing press
- Koenig