Cognitive Development in Preschool
Terms
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- Among the choices for early childhood education are______
- child care centers, preschools or nursery schools, and school child care
- David Elkin argues that children require ______ which is based on both typical development and the unique characteristics of a given child.
- developentally appropriate educational practives
- Parents can improve the academic readiness of their children without creating udue _______ by being aware of the stage of cognitive development that each individual child has reached
- stress
- ________ are organized, formal, logical mental processes
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Operations
Piaget's preoperational thinking - According to Piaget, _____is the ability to represent something that is not physically present
- symbolic function
- The process of concentrating on one limited aspect of a stimulus and ignoring other aspects is called __________
-
centration
Piagets preoperational - The knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of objects is called ______.
-
conservation
Piaget's Preoperational thinking - _________ is the process in which one state is changed into another.
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*Transformation
Piaget's preoperational - _____thought does not take into account the viewpoint of others.
-
*Egocentric
Piaget's preoperational - __________ though reflects preschoolers' use of primitive reasoning and their avid acquisition of knowledge about the world
-
*Intuitive
Piaget's preoperational - Broad representations in memory of events and the order in which they occur are called __________.
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*scripts
Information Processing Approaches to COgnitive Dev. - According to Vygotsky, the _____ is the l evel at which a child can almost, but not fully, comprehend or perform a task on his or her own.
- *Zone of proximal development
- ___________ is the support for learning and problem solving that encourages independence and growth.
-
*Scaffolding
Vygotskys View of Cognitive Dev. - ____________ is the combining of words and phrases to form sentences
- Syntax
- _________ is the process in which new words are associated with their meaning after only a brief encounter
- *Fast mapping
- The system of rules that determin how our thoughts can be expressed is called ________.
- *Grammar
- ________ is spoken language not intended for others and commonly used by children during the preschool years.
- *Private speech
- The aspect of language relating to communicating effectively and appropriately with others is called _________.
- *Pragmatics
- ________ speech is deirected toward another person and meant to be understood by that person.
- *Social
- ________ are places that typically provide care for children all day, while their parents are at work.
- *Child care centers
- ________ or nursery schools are designed to provide intellectual and social experiences for youngsters.
- *Child care centers
- ________ child care is provided by some local systems in the United States
- *School
- _________ is based on both typical development and the unize characteristics of an individual child.
- *Developmentally appropriate educational practice.
- According to Piaget, during the ________ stage, children's use of symbolic thinking grows, mental reasoning emerges, and the use of concepts increases.
- *preoperational