Micro 2 CMMRS
Terms
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- What are Flagella composed of
- Protein
- What are Flagella used for
- Motility
- How does flagella produce mitility
- it spins around the basal body
- What two function do Pili Do?
-
Sex
Adhesion - What if a bug lost its pili used for adhesion
- It wouldnt be infective
- How does a capsule protect the bug
- Protects from PMN and Mo Phagocytosis
- What is a capusle composed of
- Polysacs
- How does India Ink work
- It stains everything by the capsule appears like halo
- How does Quellung work
- Antibodies against the bacteria bind the capsule and make it swell in water
- How do we overcome antiphagocytic properties of a capsule
-
Opsonization
We immunize to Pneumo to produce antibodies to lots of Capsular Antigens - Where do we use Capsular antigen for production of vaccine
-
Pneumovax
H Flu B
Meningocaccal - Who can produce spores
-
Only 2 bacteria:
GRAM POSITIVE AEROBIC BACILLUS,
ANAEROBIC CLOSTRIDIUM - What are the five layers of a spore
-
PM
PG Mesh
PM
Keratin like protein
exosporium - What can a spore survive thru?
-
HEAT
COld
Drying
Chemical Agents - Can a spore survive autoclaving?
- No
- What conditions are in an autoclave
- 121 C for 15 minutes
- When are spores formed
- when the environmedn is hostile
- Who can invade a cell
-
Listeria
Salmonella
Yersinia
Francisella
Brucella
Legionella
Mycobacter - Are endotoxins excreted
- Hell No, there a component of the cell
- Where are exotoxin genes encoded
- They are on plasmids
- What is the principal effect of endotoxin
- Septic Shock
- How does endotoxin make shock
- Via the release of Mo TNF and IL1
- Can you make antibodies to endo and exotoxins
- Only to exotoxins, not endotoxins
- Are endotoxins heat stable
- Endoxin is stable at 100 C for 1 hour
- What does Neurotoxin do?
- exotoxins that affect nerves
- Gimme two examples of Neurotoxin
-
Tetani - blocks Gly release- lockjaw
Botulinum - Blocks AcH relaese - CNS paralysis - floppy baby - Gimme two examples of Enterotoxin Dz
-
Infectious Diarrhea
Food poisoning - What four can cause Infectuous diarrhea
-
Vibrio - duh
E Coli - Duh
Campylobacter JEJUNI - helloooo
Shigella - yup - How does Shiga Toxin Work
- It Cleaves host cell rRNA and enhances cytokine release causing HUS
- So how does food poisoning work
-
Bug releases tocin in food causing VD for 24 hours
Bacillus and Staph - What do Pyrotoxins do
- Cause release of cytokines causing Rash Fever and TSS
- What are the primary mediators in septic shock other than toxin
- IL1 and TNF
- What the mortality in septic shock
- 40% but more if multiple organs are damaged
- How is the heart affected in shock
- Decreased CO, BP, organ hypoperfusion
- How are the lungs affected in shock
- ARDS and Hypoxia
- How is the brain affected in Shock
- Encephelopathy
- How do you traet Septic Shock
- First Broad Range Ab, then look for source of bugs, and supportive therapy
- Where would you find the infection most often in Spetic Shock
-
1. Resp Track
2. Abdominal
3. UTI