Matter and Energy Chapter 2 Harcourt Science
Terms
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- Energy
- The ability to cause a change
- Kinetic Energy
- Energy of motion
- Thermal Energy
- Kinetic energy of particles in matter
- What does thermal mean?
- Heat
- Temperature
- Measurement of the average energy of motion of the particles in matter
- Heat
- Transfer of thermal energy from one piece of matter to another
- Conduction
- Transfer of thermal energy by particles bumping into each other
- Insulators
- Materials that don't conduct thermal energy well
- Conductors
- Materials that conduct thermal energy well
- Convection
- Energy transferred by hot particles moving in a liquid or gass
- Fuel
- Any material that can burn
- Solar Energy
- Energy given off by the sun
- Radiation
- Bundles of energy that the sun transfers which move through matter and space
- Infrared Radiation
- Bundles of energy that transfer heat
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Most thermometers work because matter ________ when it is heated.
a. disappears
b. collects radiation
c. expands
d. loses mass - C. expands
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A thermometer measures the ___________ energy of motion of particles of matter.
a. total
b. long-term
c. solar
d. average - D. average
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Two pieces of the same kind of matter have the same temperature. The one with the larger mass has more __________.
a. conduction
b. thermal energy
c. convection
d. solar energy - b. thermal energy
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When thermal energy moves from one piece of matter to another, the transfer is called ____________
a. solar energy
b. heat
c. temperature
d. fuel - b. heat
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Thermal energy can be transferred by conduction from on piece of matter to another only if the two pieces are _____________.
a. liquids
b. touching
c. solids
d. fuel - b. touching
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Convection takes place only in liquids and _____________.
a. gasses
b. energies
c. solids
d. states - a. gasses
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Energy that travels from the sun to Earth is being transferred by ___________
a. conduction
b. fuel
c. convection
d. radiation - d. radiation
- Does the same amount of water take up the most space as ice, as liquid water, or as water vapor? Why?
- It takes up the most space as ice because the particles are tight together and move back and forth around a point.
- Would an all metal barn be as warm in the winter and as cool in the summer as an all wood barn? Why or why not?
- No because metal is a conductor and wood is an insulator. The wood holds the heat or cool air in the barn.
- What type of clothing should you wear to stay warm in cold temperatures? How does it help?
- You should wear heavy clothing that will hold the heat in your body such as a hat and gloves where heat escapes