normal develoopment
Terms
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- Phonological and Lexical Development
- Normally organize by how they sound
- Speech Acquisition Theory
- Nativist -- Cognitive Behaviorist
- Jakobson Phonemic contrast
- Vowels contrast with consonants – Ditinctive Feature Theory Jakobson, Roman (rəmän' yäk'ôbsən) , 1896–1982, Russian-American linguist and literary critic, b. Moscow. He coined the term structural linguistics and stressed that the aim of historical linguistics is the study not of isolated changes within a language but of systematic change. Prague school of linguistics. They argued that synchronic phonology, the study of speech sounds in a language at a given time, must be considered in light of diachronic phonology, the study of speech sounds as they have changed over the course of the language's history
- Behaviorist Speech Acquisition Theory
- Olmstead Most frequently occurring phonemes would be learned first External reinforcers are the reasons for change What sounds like a word would be reinforced like a word
- What sounds like a word would be reinforced like a word
- Behaviorist and Nativists Limitations
- behaviorists Problem: speech acquisition isn’t always linear .
- Nativist Speech Acquisition Theory
- Jakobson Phonemic contrast Vowels contrast with consonants – Ditinctive Feature Theory Jakobson, Roman , 1896–1982, Russian-American linguist and literary critic, b. Moscow. He coined the term structural linguistics and stressed that the aim of historical linguistics is the study not of isolated changes within a language but of systematic change. Prague school of linguistics. They argued that synchronic phonology, the study of speech sounds in a language at a given time, must be considered in light of diachronic phonology, the study of speech sounds as they have changed over the course of the language's history
- Cognitive Speech Acquisition Theory
- Piaget Child is attempting to meet the adult model “I want to be part of the adult word. Assimilation and accommodation! – Testing skills by using sounds over and over (reduplication) Firgureing out sounds through hypothesis testing. Avoidance of difficult soundsExploitation of easy sounds
- Developmental Sequence of Speech
- Babbling
- Syl able shapes -v b – CV ba – VCV aba – CVCV bada /a/e//u/ Reduplicated babbling is very “word like developing from sylable shapes. Occasionall a closed syllable consonant on the end of a wide open syllable
- Stage 1 B-1month
- reflexive crying/vegetative sounds babies normally makes sounds when you move them or when they move around, if they don’t it may be a concern
- Stage 2 2m-4m
- cooing and laughter Mostly vowels – coo and laugh when they are comforatable
- Stage 3 4m-6m
- vocal play Entertaining self with voice. Listening to what other voices ound like Range of pitch, loudness, sustained sounds, more consonants dropped in Mainly open syllable structure
- Range of pitch, loudness, sustained sounds, more consonants dropped in Mainly open syllable structure
- 6months
- true laughter
- Stage 4
- 6m-speech canonical babbling mamama (strings together, reduplicated babblilng)makking noise to see how mouth workds. Non reduplilcated lamadamalama
- Reeal word s reflect back word
- Olmstead Most frequently occurring phonemes would be learned first External reinforcers are the reasons for change What sounds like a word would be reinforced like a word
- Stage 5 10m
- Jargon Parents just think they are real words. Sounds like they should be Conversational rhythmn present
- Jargon Parents just think they are real words. Sounds like they should be Conversational rhythmn present
- Babbling and later language development
- Proto conversation: attempts at real conversation How is it related?Quality of babbling is predictive of language development
- A child who is not as babbly—later develoment
- Prosody:
- melody, liliting of voice
- Part of language form
- Set of rules governing occurrence and order of speech sounds Not allowed to have more than three consonants in a row
- Vowels
- stream of output Clothesline a lot of vowles
- Consonants
- hanging on the vowles like Clothes on a clothesline
- The motor production
- : tongue at alveolar ridge
- Concrete physical position
- Concrete acoustic information
- motor change of /s/ can create a lispy sound
- Phonemic Characteristics of Speech Sounds
- Meaning and function of what the speech sounds mean /f/at and /s/at
- The FUNCTION of the sound
- The way the sound is used contrastively contrastive