16-19
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Diderot
- Wrote Encyclopedia. Vicously attacked Christianity calling it "dogmatic" and the "most fanatical religion of all". His Encyclopedia spread Enlightened ideas very far.
- Galileo
- physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism. Galileo has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy",[4] the "father of modern physics",[5] the "father of science",[5] and "the Father of Modern Science." The motion of uniformly accelerated objects dialogue
- Diet of peasants
- mostly consisted of bread and wheat
- Newton & Principia
- wrote Principia in 1687. Made the 3 laws of mechanics and law of gravity. He also invented calculus.
- Montesquieu
- (1689-1755) wrote 'Spirit of the Laws', said that no single set of political laws was applicable to all - depended on relationship and variables, supported division of government
- Rene Descartes
- He is often known as the father of modern science for being the first person to reject all ideas based on assumptions or emotional beliefs and accept only those ideas which could be proved by or systematically deduced from direct observation. Descartes made major contributions to modern mathematics, especially in developing the Cartesian coordinate system and advancing the theory of equations.
- European warfare
- all the european all fought for the new colonies and as well as land inside the continent
- John Wesley
- Influenced by Pietism, John Wesley (1703-1791) propagandized Methodism among the English populace,and was involved with the protastant revivial
- John Locke
- Wrote Two Treatises on Government as justification of Glorious Revolution and end of absolutism in England. He argued that man is born good and has rights to life, liberty, and property. To protect these rights, people enter social contract to create government with limited powers. If a government did not protect these rights or exceeded its authority, Locke believed the people have the right to revolt. The ideas of consent of the governed, social contract, and right of revolution influenced the United States Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. He also laid the foundations for criticism of absolute monarchy in France.
- Rousseau
- Wrote Discourse on the Origins of the Inequality of Mankind, The Social Contract, & Emile. He identified the human nature was originally happy but was corrupted when man claimed that they owned land. Said the government must rule at the general will of the people so that the most people are benefited. Hated Parlaiment because the delegates made laws not the people.
- Agricultural Revolution
- A time when new inventions such as the seed drill and the steel plow made farming easier and faster. The production of food rose dramatically.
- Pascal
- PENSEES: Known for his wager, said Christianity is the only religion to recognize a person's true state. Applied cortesian Dualism to Christianity
- Classical music
- traditional genre of music conforming to an established form and appealing to critical interest and developed musical taste
- financial innovations
- England back beginning the paper note also with the introduction of checking accounts
- Catherine the Great
- Monarch in Russia during the 1700's She vastly increased the territory of the empire through conquest and three partitions of Poland.
- Vesalius
- Wrote On the Fabric of the Human Body. Dissected human bodies to better understand them. He disproved Galen's theory of the Liver being the center of the circulatory system.
- upper class trends
- rich people traveling and doing whatever the hell they want because they are rich
- Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
- one of the fundamental documents of the French Revolution, defining a set of individual rights and collective rights of all of the estates as one. Influenced by the doctrine of natural rights, these rights are universal: they are supposed to be valid in all times and places, pertaining to human nature itself.
- Copernicus
- Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543)
- Tycho Brahe
- Influenced by Copernicus; Built observatory and collected data on the locations of stars and planets for over 20 years; His limited knowledge of mathematics prevented him from making much sense out of the data.
- Military of Prussia
- the miltiatry of prussia was full of other countries men
- Deism
- the form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation
- Radical groups of French Revolution
- Jacobins and all that were under Robespierre wanted change in the french government so they rebelled
- cottage system
- the system where families created their own assembly lines in their homes, their cottages, without machines, a method used before the Industrial Revolution, people were self-sufficient, less efficient than factories, things they made included shoes and clothes
- French Republic's army
- under napoleons control possibly the best and most dominate army in the time period also the biggest
- Louis XVI
- - King of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793.
- Divine right & Enlightened Absolutism
- belief that a rulers authority comes directly from god.
- Estates-General
- the meeting of the three estates clergy peasants and nobles
- Harvey
- Wrote On the Motion of the Heart and Blood. Made lots of discoveries about the circulation of blood including that he found the heart is the center of the circulatory system.
- Hermeticism
- saying god is in everything; all are born divine
- War of Austrian Succession
- Conflict caused by the rival claims for the dominions of the Habsburg family. Before the death of Charles VI, Holy Roman emperor and archduke of Austria, many of the European powers had guaranteed that Charles's daughter Maria Theresa would succeed him.
- Women in Scientific Revolution
- the women who were scientists in the enlightment even though the had less credit given to them then the men at the time still made radical changes in womens rights
- Declaration of the Rights of Women and Female Citizen
- the rights of what women thought they should have liek voting and basic rights
- Galen
- used animals, not human bodies, to study anatomy; said liver and lungs were center or circ. system and there were two seperate blood systems
- Immanuel Kant
- wrote "Critique of Pure Reason"; said, "Some things exist even though you can't necessarily see or prove it
- Laissez-faire
- refer to various economic philosophies and political philosophies which are characterised by minimal government intervention in most or all aspects of society.
- Enlightenment
- a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions
- Napoleon
- A French general, political leader, and emperor of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Bonaparte rose swiftly through the ranks of army and government during and after the French Revolution and crowned himself emperor in 1804. He conquered much of Europe but lost two-thirds of his army in a disastrous invasion of Russia. After his final loss to Britain and Prussia at the Battle of Waterloo, he was exiled to the island of St. Helena in the south Atlantic Ocean.
- Voltaire
- Wrote Philosophic Letters on the English & Treatise on Toleration. He admired the English freedom of the press, and religous toleration. He criticized France because of its royal absolutism and lack of freedom of thought.
- Rococo art
- decrotative look up yourself LIZZY
- Cause of French Revolution
- before revolution there was no choice of government
- Frederick the Great
- King of Prussia (1740-1786). Successful in the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the Seven Years' War (1756-1763), he brought Prussia great military prestige in Europe.
- Joseph II
- (r. 1780-1790) coregent with his mother (Maria Theresa) from 1765 until her death-controlled Catholic church closely; granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews; abolished serfdom; peasant labor to be converted into cash paymentscountry in turmoil at death