*USMLE 2 almost Aunt minnis
Terms
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- Ammonia smell to breath
- - uremia
- Arachnodactyly
- - Marfan’s
- Ascending weakness / paralysis
- - Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Asterixis : flapping hand tremor
- - Alcoholic cirrhosis
- Bag of worms - scrotal sac
- - Varicocoele
- Barrel chest
- - emphysemia
- Bat Wing appearance on CXR
- Pulmonary edema
- Bird's beak on barium swallow
- - Achalasia
- Bitter almonds (scent)
- - Cyanide poisoning
- Black eschars
- - Anthrax
- Black urine
- - Alkaptonuria
- genetic disorder w/ truncus arteriosus & tetralogy of fallot
- 22q11 syndromes
- genetic disorder w/ ASD or VSD
- Downs syndrome
- Bronze diabetes
- - Hemochromatosis
- Buffalo hump
- - Cushing's syndrome
- genetic disorder w/ coarctation of the aorta
- Turner's
- Bull's neck lymphadenopathy : involving cervical lymph nodes
- - Diptheria
- Bunch of grapes
- - Hydatiform mole
- Chancre [painless]
- - 1° Syphilis (treponema pallidium)
- Cherry-red lips
- - CO
- Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
- - cerebral lesion
- Chocolate brown blood
- - methemogloinemia
- Christmas tree pattern of skin lesions
- - Pityriasis rosea
-
What Brachial plexus injury & autoimmune disease presents with Claw hand?
(2) -
- lower trunk injury (C8, T1)
- Scleroderma - Currant-Jelly Stool
- - Intussusception
-
Hyperresonant percussion;
trachea pushed to contra-side - Pneumothorax
- Double bubble on Abdominal film
- - Duodenal atresia
- Genetic disorder w/ Aortic insufficiency
- - Marfan’s
- Erythema Chronicum Migrans
- - Lyme Disease
- Fish-mouth vertebrae of lumbar spine on xray
- - Sickle cell
-
Bug causing:
Flask shaped ulcers - - Entameba histiolytica
-
Bug:
Floppy baby - - Clostridium botulinum
- Fruity odor to breath
- - ketosis
- Fungus ball in lung
- - Aspergillus
- Garlic (scent)
- - Arsenic poisoning
- Goiter : enlarged thyroid
- - iodine deficiency
- Gummas : granuloma of rubbery consistency
- - tertiary syphlis
-
Hamman crunch : crunching sounds on chest auscultation
(3) -
- Air dissected into subcutaneous tissue
- rib fx
- ruptured esophagus - most common form of childhood systemic vasculitis.
- - Henoch-Schonlein
- Heterophil Antibodies
- - infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
-
Infantile cataracts
(3) -
- Rubella
- I-cell
- Glactosemia -
Koilonychia : spoon nails
(3) -
Spoon nails are not HIP:
1. Hemochromatosis
2. Iron deficiency anemia
3. Plummer-Vinson syndrome - Koplik Spots : blue-gray spots on buccal mucosa
- - measles
- Lead Pipe sign on abdominal X-ray
- - Ulcerative colitis
- Leg ulcers
- - Sickle cell anemia
- Lemon yellow skin color
- - Pernicious anemia
- thickened stomach wall due to diffuse infiltration by cancer cells
- Linitis plastica
- Malar rash
- - SLE
-
Monoclonal Antibody Spike
(3) -
1. Multiple myeloma
this is called the M protein
(usually IgG or IgA);
2. MGUS;
3. Waldenstrom's macroglobinemia - cause of congenital transposition of great vessels
- Offspring of diabetic mother
- Musty [mousy] body odor
- - PKU
-
Non-pitting Edema
(2) -
- Myxedema
- Anthrax Toxin - abdominal "Olive" in baby
- Pyloric stenosis
- Pink eye virus
- - Adenovirus
- Porcelain Gallbladder on x-ray : dystrophic calcification
- - Chronic cholecystitis
- PSA
- - Adenocarcinoma of the prostate
-
Pseudomembranous colitis
(4) -
- C. difficile
- shigellosis
- EHEC
- ischemic bowel disease - Pseudomembranous pharyngitis
- - Corynebacterium diptheriae
- Purple striae
- - Cushing's syndrome
- Putrid breath
- - lung abscess
- Red diaper
- - serratia marccescens UTI
- Rice-water stool
- - vibrio cholera infection
- Rose spots [rash]
- - typhoid fever
- Russell bodies : bright red globules of immunoglobulin in cytoplasm of plasma cells
- - Multiple myeloma
-
S4 Heart Sound
(3) -
LVH/RVH (resistence to filling);
Pulmonary Stenosis;
Pulmonary HTN - Schwartzman Reaction : impressive rash with bugs
- - Neisseria meningitidis
- Shield chest : widely spaced niples
- - Turner's syndrome
- Snowstorm appearance on pelvic US
- - Hydatiform mole
- Strawberry Gallbladder : CH ladden macrophages
- - Cholesterolosis; no clinical significance
- Sulfur granules in draining sinuses from jaw
- - Actinomycosis [A. israelii]
- Thumb print sign on barium enema
- - ischemic bowel
- Thumb sign : thumb protrudes over clenched fist
- - Marfan syndrome
- Where is the brachial plexus injured with a Waiter's tip (arm is extended, adducted, internally rotated)?
- - Upper trunk injury (C5, C6)
- Webbed neck
- - Turner's syndrome
- White reflex in eye
- - retinoblastoma
- Winged scapula
- - Long thoracic n. damage; trauma to chest wall
-
Wrist drop
(3) -
- Radial n. damage
- fall on shoulder
- birth injury - CK increased 100% in new born.
- Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
- increased direct bilirubin
- Bile duct obstruction
-
Mixed increased direct bilirubin & indirect bilirubin
(2) -
- Viral hepatitis
- Alcoholic hepatitis - increased indirect bilirubin
- hemolytic anemia
-
MCC increased Calcium
(2) -
1. Primary hyperparatyhroidism
2. SCC of lung -
Dull percussion;
Trachea pushed to contra side - Pleural effusion
-
Dull percussion;
Trachea pushed to ipsi-lateral side - Atelectasis
-
normal percussion & fremitus;
fine or coarse crackles - Pulmonary fibrosis
-
hyperresonant percussion;
crackles, wheezing - Emphysema
-
possible splinting;
Egophany;
increased fremitus - Consolidated pneumonia w/ patent bronchus