Sentence Structure - Parts of Speech
Terms
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- Noun
- Name of a person, place, thing, quality, idea, or action.
- Common Nouns
- Refer to general persons, places, things, concepts, or qualities.
- Proper Nouns
- Name particular persons, places, institutions, organizations, months, and days.
- Concrete Nouns
- Refer to things that can be sensed through sight, hearing, touch, taste, or smell.
- Abstract Nouns
- Refer to ideas, emotions, qualities, or other intangible concepts.
- Count Nouns
- Name things that can be counted, and thus can have a plural form.
- Noncount Nouns, or Mass Nouns
- Name things that typically are not counted in English and thus cannot be made plural.
- Collective Nouns
- Name groups, plural in sense by singular in form.
- Pronouns
- Substitue for nouns.
- Noun Antecedent
- The noun a pronoun substitutes for.
- Personal Pronouns
- Refer to specific persons, places, or things.
- Demonstrative Pronouns
- Point to their antecedent nouns.
- Indefinate Pronouns
- Refer to nonspecific perons, places, or things and do not require an antecedent.
- Relative Pronouns
- Introduce dependent clauses.
- Interrogative Pronouns
- Introduce questions.
- Reflexive Pronouns
- Refers back to the subject to show that the subject itself is the object of an action.
- Intensive Pronouns
- Used for emphasis.
- Reciprocal Pronouns
- Refer to the separate parts of a plural antecedent.
- Expletive Pronouns
- Serve as introductory, "empty" words, occupying the position of grammatical subject.
- Verb
- A word that expresses an action or a state of being.
- Auxilary/Helping Verbs and Model Verbs
- Critical parts of special verb forms that express questions, future tenses, past tenses, and various degrees of doubt about or qualification of the main verb's action.
- Transitive Verbs
- Transfer action from an agent to an object or recipient.
- In-trasitive Verbs
- May express action, but they do not transfer it to an object or recipient.
- Active Voice
- Active form of a verb.
- Passive Voice
- Passive form of a verb.
- Indicative Mood
- Make assertions, state opinions, ask questions.
- Subjunctive Mood
- Past-tense forms express unreal conditions or wishes.
- Imperative Mood
- Appear in the base form to issue a command.
- Verbal
- A verb form that functions in a sentence as a noun, an adverb, or adjective.
- Participles
- Function as adjectives and can modify nouns or pronouns.
- Gerunds
- Verb forms that end in ING and function as nouns.
- Infinitive
- The base form of a verb that can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.
- Adjective
- A word that modifies a noun or pronoun by qualifying or describing it, usually precedes the noun it modifies.
- Predicate Adjective
- The adjective falls on the other side of the verb linking it to the noun it modifies.
- Possesive, Demonstrative, Interrogative, and Indefinite Adjectives
- Pronoun-like adjectives.
- Adverb
- Modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or an entire clause or sentence and usually answers when, where, how, how often, or to what extent?
- Conjuctive Adverb
- Modify an entire sentence or clause while linking it to the preceding sentence or clause.
- Preposition
- A word that comes before a noun or pronoun and its modifiers to form a prepositional phrase.
- Prepositions Phrase
- Made up of a preposition, the object of a preposition, and any modifiers of the object.
- Object of the Preposition
- The noun or pronoun in a preposition.
- Phrasal Verbs
- Prepositions linked to verbs.
- Participle
- The preposition in phrasal verbs.
- Conjuction
- Joins two sentences, clauses, phrases, or words.
- Coordinating Conjuctions
- Connect sentences, clauses phrases, or words that are parallel in meaning and grammatical structure.
- Correlative Conjunctions
- Pairs of conjunctions that give extra ephasis to the two parts of a coordinated construction.
- Subordinating Conjunctions
- Introduce dependent clauses and connect them to main clauses.
- Interjections
- A short utterance that expresses an emotional response.