PoliSci 3
Terms
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- Extradition
- legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed
- Full faith and credit clause
- clause in the constitution (article 4, section 1) requiring each state to recognize the civil judgements rendered by the courts of the other states to accept their public records and act as valid.
- Unitar y System
- Constitutional arrangements that concentrates power in a central government
- Confederation
- Constitutional arrangement in which sovereign nations of states, by compact, create a central government but carefully limit its power and do not give it direct authority over individuals
- Implied Powers
- powers inferred from the express powers that allow Congress to carry out its functions.
- Centralists
- People who favor national action over the action at the state and local levels
- Interstate compact
- an agreement among 2 or more states. Congress much approve most such agreements.
- Preemption
- the right if a federal law or regulation to preclude enrolement of a state or local law or regulation
- Commerce clause
- the clause in the Constitution (Article 1, section 8, clause 1) that gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross states lines or affect more than one state or other nations
- Federalism
- constitutional arrangement in which power is distributed between a central government and subdivional government, called states in the United States. The national and the subdivisional government both exercise direct authority over individuals
- Concurrent powers
- powers that the constitution gives to both the national and states governments, such as the power to levy taxes
- National supremacy
- Constitutional doctrine that whenever conflict occurs between the constitutionally authorized actions of the national government and those of a state or local government, the actions of the federal government prevail
- Necessary and proper clauses
- clause of the Constitution (Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3) setting forth the impleid powers of congress. It states that Congress, in addition to its express powers, has the right to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out all powers the Constitution vests in the national government
- Express powers
- powers the Constitution specifically grants to one of the branches of the national government
- States' rights
- Powers expressly or implicitly reserved to the states
- Inherent powers
- the powers of the national governmet in foreign affairs that the Supreme court has declared do not depend on constitutional grants, but rather grow out of the very existence of the national government
- Federal Mandate
- a requirement that federal government imposes as a condition for receiving federal funds
- Decentralists
- People who favor state or local action rather than national action
- Devolution revolution
- the effort to slow the growth of the federal government by returning many functions to the states