Bio Quiz 3
Terms
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- Proteins
- 4 classes of organic compounds (3)
- Disaccharide
- Two monosaccharides that have joined by condensation synthesis.
- Carbohydrates
- 4 classes of organic compounds (1)
- Buffer
- Chemical systems that neutralize small amounts of either an acid or base added to solution.
- Functional groups
- characteristic patterns of atoms other than those involved in C-C or C-H bonds.
- Hydrophobic
- Molecules that don't "like" water. Nonpolar (do not dissolve in water)
- Starch
- Glucose polymer. 2 forms of starch - amylase, - pectin (amylopectin)
- Functional groups
- May be hydrophobic or hydrophilic
- Carbohydrates
- Sugars and starches, short term energy storage molecules.
- Nucleic acids
- 4 classes of organic compounds (4)
- Chitin
- Glucose polymer with an amino acid attached to each glucose unit. Similar structure to cellulose -> so we can't digest it.
- Hydrophilic
- water "loving." Polar (dissolve in water)
- Macromolecule
- a large polymer
- Polysaccharides
- (complex carbohydrates) Long polymers of monosaccharides joined by condensation synthesis.
- Condensation Synthesis
- (a.k.a. Condensation reactions; dehydration synthesis.) (Putting together) Used to synthesize "polymers" (and water)
- Monomers
- Each of these classes are made up of molecular building blocks (or units)
- Lipids
- 4 classes of organic compounds (2)
- Monosaccharide
- Simple sugar
- Deoxyribose
- 5 carbon sugar
- organic molecules
- To biologists these always contain Carbon and Hydrogen.
- Inorganic compounds
- constitute non-living matter.
- Carbon and Carbon skeletons
- What may bond with functional groups?
- Organic Compounds
- The elements most commonly found living things are C, O, N, H = (95% of your body weight): also P and S - CHNOPS
- Hydrolysis
- When water is added to a polymer, the reverse of condensation synthesis occurs. Water (H2O) is broken down into a hydroxyl group (OH) and an H (Breaking apart)
- Polymers
- Longs chains of unit molecules are called
- Cellulose
- Glucose polymer. Structural polysacarihide for plants (component of the cell wall in plants)
- Glycogen
- Glucose polymer
- Organic molecules
- (union of 2 or more atoms that form the smallest unit of a substance that retains all the properties of that substance) are formed hen H, N and O (and other elements) bond to Carbon)