Music History I Final Exam
Terms
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- Renaissance
- (1450-1600) rebirth of ancient greek and Roman culture. Term applied to visual arts.
- Humanism (Characteristic of Renaissance)
- A cultural and intellectual movement of the Renaissance that emphasized secular concerns as a result of the rediscovery and study of the literature, art, and civilization of ancient Greece and Rome.
- Mixture of greek paganism and christian belief. (Characteristic of Renaissance)
- sistine chapel with biblical and secular figures
- Rise of great artists (Characteristic of Renaissance)
- da vinci, michelangelo, raphael, titian
- Pride in new contrapuntal technique (Zarlino)
- control of consonance and dissonance
- Glareanus
- aeolian/hypoaeolian and ionian/hypoionian and a push towards major and minor
- just intonation
- new method of tuning (offered perfect and imperfect consonance) to achieve a sweeter sound
- First music print
- Plain chant in 1473
- Moveable type
- Ottaviano Petrucci
- Triple impression
- process of printing sheet music. Staff, Words, Notes
- Complicated music led for necessity of?
- score
- Odhecaton
- (Hundred songs) earliest printed collection of polyphonic music
- Johannes Ockeghem
- Sang in cathedral of antwerp, "Premier Chapelain" for King charles I of france, Teacher composer and singer. "Missa de plus en plus"
- Renaissance compositional devices (Mass names)
- Modes (missa quinti toni), Opening notes (Missa mi-mi), Structural composition feature (missa prolationum), sung in any mode (Missa cuiusvis toni)
- Renaissance compositional devices (Canon)
- retrograde or cancrizans-original melody backwars, mensuration canon-same melody(different rates and speeds), double canon-two types simulataneously, puzzle canon-melody w/ no directions
- Canon
- composition in which the voices enter successively at determined pitch and time intervals all performing the same melody.
- Students of Okhegem
- Obrecht, Heinrich Isaac, and Josquin de Pres
- Josquin de Pres
- Born: France, Most famous of his time "On par with michelangelo"
- works of Josquin
- formes fixes, adieu mes amours, missa l'homme arme
- Adrian Willaert
- 16th cent. franco flemish composer, teacher and maestro di cappella at St. Mark's Basilica in Venice.
- 16th centure franco-flemish composers qualities
- text determined music, bass foundation, aimed for full triadic form, favored duple, borrowing melodies standard, trying to appeal to a wider audience.
- Frottola
- simple italian secular song which is essentially ina chordal style with 3 or 4 parts with the upper part standing out as the melody.
- through composed
- music without internal repetition especially with respect to the setting of a poem that might imply the repetition of music for different words.
- Petrarchan madrigal
- first lines offer conflict and final lines offer resolution.
- Archicembalo
- Nicola Vicentino, keyboard type intrument that could play 1/4 tones and microtonal progressions
- notation
- shorter values for notes
- Parody mass
- mass which uses polyphonic model from another work and changes to words.
- Parody mass by Josquin de Pres
- Missa pange lingua
- Sogetto dalle vocali
- carving out the name, or vowel, uses vowel to form syllable. Ex Toe = do
- Carlo Gesualdo
- murdered his wife and children. Io parte
- text painting
- compositional technique of having the music sounds reinforce the words being sung.
- France "Parisian Chanson"
- light, fast, homophonic strongly rythmic song for 4 voices, syllabic in a 4 meter
- Spain Villancico
- equivelant of the italian frottola.
- Triumphes of Oriana
- Thomas Morely, set of madrigals dedicated to the queen elizabeth
- english lute song
- like a hymn, strophic setting of english poetry for solo voice and lute accompanyment
- Sytagma Musicum
- Michael Praetorius, music treatise which contains detailed woodcuts and illustrations and descriptions of instruments from renaissance.
- types of instruments
- winds: shawms, krummboro, transverse flute, cornette, trumpets, sackbutts:::Bowed strings: viols, viola da gamba, viola de braccio::::Keyboard: organ, clavichord, harpsichord
- consort or chest
- unified timbre of instruments from bass to soprano
- Types of renaissance instrumental works
- In nomine- borrowed melody, canzona- instrumental chanson, Sonata- sacred chanson, keyboard compositions- preludes, preambulum, fantasia, ricercare, Toccata-introductory keyboard piece with improvisation
- Renaissance instrumental compostitional devices
- use of f and p, and designation of specific instruments.
- english virganilist
- english type harpsichord
- Fitzwilliam virginal book
- written for queen elizabeth and featured works by bull, byrd, and gibbons
- lutheran chorale
- strophic congregational hymn
- contrafacta
- composer takes a secular song and re-adapts it with new text into a chorale
- The psalter
- book of psalms translated into the vernacular frequently in rymed version and provided music in congregational singing.
- John dowland madrigal
- flow my tears
- Full anthem
- contrapuntal unaccompanied work for choir in english
- Counter reformation
- catholic change up
- council of trent
- working out problems mentioned by luther
- catholic music reforms
- all but 4 tropes abolished, plainchent preffered music, emphasized clarity of words, no complicated music, musicians to be good
- Palestrina
- heard the poe was going to abolish polyphiny so he wrote the pope marcellus mass to change his mind. worked in rome his entire life.
- Thomas Luis de Victoria
- adventuresome harmonic progressions and passionate music.
- Orlando di Lasso
- choirboy in mons worked for italian noble families, worked in court for dukle albrecht