Spanish Culture 151 Exam 1

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The Mayas were from what time period?: 600 B.C.
How many Mayas where there at 700 B.C.?: 1,000,000
What where the 3 types of victims were used in the human sacrafice (mayas)?: 1)POW (prisoners of war)
2)Warriors
3)Virgins
What were the Virgins thrown in, and what were the 2 types of em?: Cenote
1)Drinking Water
2)Sacrificing Virgins
What buildings did the Mayas build?: 1) Temples
2) Pyramids
3) Palaces
4) Observatories
what is the Chichen Itza?: the name of the mayan pyramid
How many steps are there total on the Chichen Itza?: 365 (90x90x90x90 + 1)
What 3 things did they discover without a telescope?: 1)Equinoxes
2)Solstices
3)Planets
What is Polytheistic mean?: That they believe in many Gods
What 4 foods did the mayans eat?: 1)Corn
2)Beans
3)Chiles
4)Squash
What did the mayans wear and sleep on?: Wore cotton clothes, sandals, and slept on hammocks
What 2 math things did the mayans discover?: The zero and Decimal Point
What was so special about the mayan 365 day calender?: They didnt need a leap year
What type of language did the mayans have?: Written language
What was their Hierarchy like?: Priest + Nobles =10%
Skilled Laborers
Peasants
Why did the mayan craft art, and what metals did they use?: They did it for Art sake and they used Gold and Silver for jewerly
Why did the Mayan empire collapse?: 1) Solcial Unrest (Peasants vs. Eliets)
2) Population Growth
3) Poor agricultural techniques
a)Slash and burn
b)Didnt rotate crops
Where did the mayans mainly live?: Yucatan Peninsula, some in guatemala, belice, honduras
What time period was the Aztecs?: 600 B.C.
their highest population was in what year and how many?(aztecs): 1519 - 5,500,000
What were the 4 types crimes that put you on the death penalty?: 1)murder
2)adultery
3)harvesting unripe corn
4)transvestite
What kind of Society did the Aztecs have?: socialist--->no private ownership of land
what ages did both sexes have to get married by?: Men-24
Women-18
What did the Aztecs mainly make?: Art,Potters,Sandals,Jewrely
Where did the Aztecs live (current city)?: Mexico City
Where did the God's tell them to buil their city?: On a lake
What did the aztecs give the United States?: Chocolate
What 4 things did the Aztecs Eat?: 1)chocolate
2)chiles
3)corn
4)beans
What is Moctezuma?: King
What is Nahuatl: Aztec Language
What type of society did the Aztecs have?: Well orgaized and they had a heirarchy
What Spaniard arrived in 1519 and killed the Aztecs?: Hernan Cortes
Who did Cortes marry and what role did she have?: Marina, she was the interpreter
What is a madonna?: Whore Complex
What do you have to be on your wedding night?: a virgin
what happened in 1519-1521 to the Aztecs?: The spaniards surrounded and killed/starved them all
How long did the Aztecs last as slaves?: 3-4 years
What % of aztecs were killed, and what happend to the remaining %?: 90-95% where killed, the rest where slaves
What time period did the Incas begin?: 2500 B.C.
Where were the Incas located?: Machupicho
What Mountains did they live in?: Andes
How many People did the Incas have?: 9,000,000
What 3 reasons were the Incas Imperialists?: 1)incorperated cheifs from other tribs
2)imposed their language (Quechua-5/6 indigenous) and religion
3)2500 Mile Empire-complex roads and bridges
What did they practice to the dead? (Incas): Mumificationo
How did the Incas sustain 9,000,000 people?(4 sub-reasons): 1)Agriculural
a)irrigation
b)terracing
c)silos + grainaries to store excess food
d)fertilization "guano"
How many Spainiards came in 1531 to defeat the Incas?: Pizarro and 200 people conquered 9,000,000 people
Atahuqllpa and Huascar where who?: they were brothers who wanted the throne
What was Atahuqllpa's option after being captured?: 1)Burnt
2)Converted then strangled
What were the 4 ways the 200 Spaniards conquered the 9Million Incas?: 1)they had horses, the incas didnt know what they were
2)smallpox
3)Internal Division
4)When someone dies on the field thet did rituals
What kind of people wher ethe Incas?: Very Religios and very good ways of living
What did Cristobal Colon do in 1492?: en countered not discovered the new land and called it Hispaniola
What is current day Hispaniola?: Haiti and Dominican Republic
What did King Ferdinan and Queen Isabella do?: Paid for the CC voyage
What is the Trinity of motives?: Gold, God, Glory
what is encomienda?: enslavement (6-7 slaves per Spaniard)
How many people were killed a Day for 20 years?: 544
the population went from 4,000,000 to 29,000 in how many years?: 20
What did the people have to tribute daily to CC?: Gold dust
What 2 things did CC do to the people?: 1)Slavery
2)Genocide
a)Dogging
b)sword contest
c)gibbets
What was the Papal donation of America?: Accept the Pope, King, or Queen or die
What was the results of CC voyage?: 1) 127,000,000 dead
2) 90-95% killed (1492-1575)
3)Loss of will to survive
a)suicide
b)limited offspring
4)Ecological devistation
5)Cut short the development of brilliant civilization
What year was the 1st slave ship sent from Africa and how many were on it?: 1505 and 17slaves
in 1510 what happened?: Slavery was legalized
how many slaves were sent over the 144 years?: 10,591,000
What type of slaves were sent?: 1)Rubust Males
2)Males 15-50
3)Pregnant Females
What were the Slave ships called?: tumbeiros
What migratory pattern did the slave ships change?: Sharks
Indigonous + Black slaves lasted for how many years?: Ind-3-4years
Bla-6-7years
What the break down of Africa?: Kings
Chiefdoms
Armies
Taxes
Courts of Laws
Marketplace
Why did the Africans take well notes of of their Lineage?: So they didnt marry into the family
How did the Africans use their Oral Tradition?: Literature, riddles, myths, legends, proverbs
What type of religon did the Africans have? How did they Celebrate?: Polytheistic, through drums
What did they do to the African slaves when they were brought to america?: they were split up fomr their families/tribe members
5 Major Slave traders?: Spanish, French, Portuguese, British, Dutch
2 religions did the Africans have?: voodoo and santeria

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