world civ 2 final
Terms
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- Don Quioxte
- Cervantes
- Invented perspective.
- Massiccio
- Goldsmith.
- Saline
- Painter, student of Titian.
- Balin
- Painter and etcher.
- Rembrant
- Realistic Landscapes.
- Van Eyck
- Playwright
- Shakespeare
- German, woodcuts, and engravings.
- Duerer
- Sistine Chapel
- Michaelangelo
- School of Athens
- Rafael
- Ideal Renanassiance man.
- Da Vinci
- Bible, Printing press.
- Gutenburg
- Humanist, poet, "Laura".
- Petrarch
- What were the four main cities the Rennaissance took place in?
- Milan, Florence, Venice, Genoa.
- Ruling by a small group of people.
- Oligarchy
- "rebirth" or ancient Greek and Roman ideas.
- Rennaissance
- Protesting against the Catholic church.
- Protestant Reformation
- Where did the Protestant reformation start?
- Germany
- Where and When = 95 Thesis
- October 31, 1517 at Wittenburg Church.
- The man who invented the religion invovling the idea of predestination.
- John Calvin
- The religion which holds the belief that only adults should be baptized.
- Anabaptist
- Created changed to strengthen their religion and stop the spread of Protestantism.
- Counter Reformation
- Reemphasized that the church could explain the Bibile, good works and faith bring salvation, and that the pope is the highest authority.
- Council of Trent
- Freedom of SPEECH, the right to petition, and gives the power to the people.
- Bill of Rights 1689
- Can't be arrested or imprisioned without good, legal reason.
- Habeus Corpus
- Church courts that punished heretics.
- Inquisition
- What were the effects of the Reformation? (there are 4)
-
1. religious unity vanished, divided catholic/protestant.
2. individual states were strengthened at the expense of the church.
3. spread of education
4. strengthened middle class
- Censorship on books. A list of books not allowed to read.
- Index
- House of Commons and House of Lords.
- Parliment
- Reign of Charles II when teh English monarchy was restored, rebirth of English culture.
- Restoration
- Freedom of speech, thought, and expression.
- Voltaire
- Rousseau's book on gov. People are naturally good, but enviro, edu, and laws corrupt them. Choose their own government, popular soverignty.
- Social Contract
- Locke: Life, liberty, and own property.
- Natural Rights
- French throne in 1589. Protestant who converted to Catholic. Couldn't solve taxation, but helped it a little.
- Henry IV
- Louis XIII's chief minister, political genious. Wanted to make the king supreme in France and to make France supreme in Europe. He wanted to accomplish by leading attacks and take powere away from Huguenots.
- Cardinal Richelieu
- King that signed the Habeus Corpus act
- Charles I
- After Queen Elizabeth died, who took over?
- James I
- The first two political party?
- Tories and Whigs
- Began in Prague as a Protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire. WAR ENDS: Treaty of Weltphalia in 1648.
- Thirty Years War
- Absoulute power, built Versailles, "divine right," fought four wars to make natural borders.
- Louis XIV
- outside Paris, built by Louis XIV.
- Palace of Versailles
- Louis XIV advisor, goals to increase France industry at home annd abroad. Also worked to improve transportation.
- Jean-Baptiste Colbert
- Called French-Indian War here, bean in NA over territory, spilled over to Europe and Prussia.
- Seven Years War
- Age of Reason that reached its height in the mid 1700's. Scientific method-questioning.
- Enlightenment
- People have the natural ability to govern themselves, natural rights, if government witholds natural rights, people have right to overthrow the government. Dec of Indp.
- John Locke
- seperation of powers, checks and balances. Consititution.
- Montesquieu
- "man is born free and everywhere, he is in chains."
- Rousseau
- Divine right, no funds from Parliment. Doesn't meant with Parliment for 11 years, 1640 called back. Petition of Right
- Charles I
- royalists/cavalier and the Roundheads. Cromwell, a roundhead, took control.
- English Civil war
- Roundhead/Puritan, POWER!, unliked by all, dismisses parliment, dictator, died 1658
- Oliver Cromwell
- After this, William and Mary became king/queen.
- Glorious Revolution
- 1660, Charles I's son, good, no heir. Well-liked. Little struggle between parliment and king. began restoration which lasted 25 years.
- Charles II
- Catholic, Charles II's brother, absolute royal rule.
- James II
- The two people who first abandoned the geocentric theory.
- Copernicus, Galileo.
- Fixed amount of wealth in world, gain money by taking wealth from another country.
- Mercantilism
- American documents using John Locke's natural rights theory.
- Bill of Rights and Declaration of Independence.
- Merchants and Lawyers, upper middle class.
- Bourgeoise
- Storming of the Bastille date
- July 14, 1789
- Napolean's final defeat by Duke of Wellington.
- Battle of Waterloo
- Jacobin, lead the Reign of Terror.
- Robespierre
- When things were made at home before the Industrial Revolution.
- Cottage Industry
- James Watt invention
- Steam Engine
- Adam Smith economic theory- government does not interfere.
- Laissez-Faire
- Trench battle, bloody, Germany realized not gonna be a quick war.
- Battle of Marne
- The goal: German attempt to wipe out as many toops as possible. Picked ____ because they knew France would defend land at all cost.
- Battle of Verdun
- Peace agreement. June 28, 1919, not fair to Germany.
- Treaty of Versailles