17th and 18th centuries
Terms
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- 1642
- civil war begins
- 1645
- royal forces defeated by parliament's forces
- 1649
- charles 1 executed
- 1660
- restoration of thmonarchy: charles II crowned
- 1664
- plague starts
- 1666
- great fire of london
- 1688
- glorious revolution
- 1789
- french revolution
- Elegy
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serious meditative poem mourning the death of someone
Thomas Gray writes an elegy in "Elegy written in a country church-yard" where there is a solemn mood and how some people are born less than others and how that affects the life that they have and how that affects the world. - Valedition
- a farewell speech
- antonomasia
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use of famous persons name to refer to trait the person is known for
"Some Cromwell, guiltless of his country's blood." Thomas gray writes about how Oliver Cromwell doesn't care about how many people of his country die. - carpe diem
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seize the day
From Robert Herrick's "To the Virgins to make much of time"
he explains that one should seize the day because he compares us to a rose that "this smae flower that smiles today/ tomorrow will be dying" - metaphysical conceit
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elaborate metaphor comparing very different ideas, images, or objects.
"Like gold to airy thinness beat."
In Valedition: Forbidding Mourning,
John Donne compares two lover's souls to expanded gold. THey are never apart, just expanded like gold. - Satire
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uses humor to critisize something
in A modest proposal, Jonathan Swift proposes that ireland should become a baby selling/ eating nation because it helps the economy, although he doesn't agree to it himself.
he critisizes the poverty in ireland and how the rich get richer and poor people get even more poor - oxymoron
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contradictory phrase
from holy sonnet 10 by john donne he talks about "poor death" death can't be poor because no one would pity death. so it contridicts itself. - paradox
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image or description that appears contradictory but reveals a deeper truth
John Donne says in Holy sonnet 10 that Death will die and that's not true because how can death die, but it reveals that everything will be ok when everyone dies and goes to heaven. - inversion
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puts verb or complement in the first position
"oft did the harvest to their sickle yield"
the harvest often (did) yielded to their sickle - apostrophe
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direct address to someone or something that can't answer
In the Holy Sonnet 10 John Donne talks to Death and how he's not scared of Death, and how he helps him, so he should not fear him. - Tone
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writer's attitude towards the readers and the subject.
"sacrificing the poor innocent babes."
The words poor and innocent makes the reader know that he really feels bad for the babies. - Religious meditation
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thoughtful consideration of matters relating to the church and to God.
in Meditation 17 by John Donne he talks about how the church applies to every human being when the church bell rings about when someone's dying, you should use it as if it was your own bell. - Epigram
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a brief statement in prose or in verse
In ELEGY Written IN A COUNTRY CHURCHYARD
there is a concluding poem about himself (thomas gray) - Epitaph
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inscription written on a tomb or a burial place
THomas Gray has an epitaph in elegy written in a churchyard - Hyperbole
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delibrate exaggeration or overstatement
"when thou sigh'st though sigh'st not wind, but sigh'st my soul away"
john donne :SONG
it's an exageration because you cant really sigh someone's soul away - Civil War and Oliver Cromwell
- it caused people like thomas gray to write about his ruthless ways of dictatorship.
- Pre Romantic
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Classical Elements
-polished expression of ideas
-balanced parallel structure
-sophisticated vocab
-allusions to mythology
-inverted sentence structure
Romantic Elements
-focus on nature
-values common folk
-expression of personal feelings, emotion
-individual personal point of view
in Elegy, he writes about how it's no better being rich because you die in the end anyway, and thats no better than the commonfolk. - Restoration and Charles II
- He restores things like composeres, french actors and play wrights, dutch paitners, new fashions to england
- Interregnum
- Cromwell banishes newspaper which forbidded the freedom of speech
- Age of Reason
- lots of writers sprung up and they wrote lots of satire . such as the neoclassical style . and johnathan swift wrote the MOdest PROPOSAL
- Puritain writers
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John Bunyan; Milton
milton began writing political pamphlets that asked for freedom of the press
this was during the time when parliament and charles I were rocky relationship