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Cold War Terms Quiz

Terms

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Helsinki Accords
1975; 35 nations signed it; stated basic human rights (speech, religion, fair trial, earn a living, fair trial)
OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; halted oil exports and raised oil prices in 1973
Berlin Wall
Built by Eastern Germany; built in 1961 and knocked down in 1989; split democractic West Berlin from communist East Berlin to keep the communists from escaping to the democratic side
Brown v. Topeka Board of Education
1954; Supreme Court decision that said segretated schools were unconstitutional
Nikita Krushchev
new Soviet leader after Stalin; 1956; dennounced Stalin; wanted a peace with the west
Boris Yeltsin
1991; replaces Gorbachev; 1st President of Russia; faced economic and political turmoil due to change from communism to democracy
People's Republic of China-Mao Zedong
Mao defeats Jeng Jieshi and Nationalists to set up the People's Republic of China (communist); 1949-76
Tianenmen Square massacre
May 1989 in communist China; students were killed by soldiers after they refused to leave; happened about a month after Berlin Wall fell
Korean War
1950-3; spread of communism over the 38th parallel; between North Korea (backed by Zedong) and South Korea (backed by US); no treaty signed, only an armistice
Vietnam War
1959-75; Vietnam becomes communist; between communist North Vietnam, headed up by Ho Chi Minh, and South Vietnam, headed by Diem (whom US put into power); US withdraws
Ho Chi Minh
Communist and nationalist; wants to unite Vietnam under northern (communist) rule and push Diem out of power; Vietcom
PLO-Yasir Arafat
Palestine Liberation Organization, headed up by Arafat; terrorist group that sought establishment of autonomy area to form Palestinian state on Gaza strip
Yitzak Rabin
prime minister of Isreal who signed Oslo accord with Arafat; was assasinated by a Jewish student
Saddam Hussein
fought war with Iran; invaded Kuwait and started Persian Gulf War; dictator of Iraq
Nelson Mandela
liberator of South Africa; was released from prison in 1990 because of trade embargos from US; negociated the reformation of South Africa
Desmond Tutu
Church of England; recieved Nobel Peace Prize for his nonviolent opposition to apartheid
Fidel Castro-Cuban revolution
set up a communist dictaorship in Cuba in 1959
Bay of Pigs
JFK and anti-Castro exiles had a plot to overthrow Castro; invasion force landed at Bay of Pigs and was crushed in 1961; leads to Cuban Missle Crisis
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
starts Good Neighbor Policy with South America; implements the New Deal to pull the US out of the Depression; signed the Atlantic Charter with Churchill
Dwight D. Eisenhower
planned D-Day as Supreme Allied Commander
Douglas MacArthur
leader of Pacific area of WWII and captures Phillipines; also involved in Korean War
Marshall Plan
implemented by Truman to strengthen democratic governments to prevent Germany from becoming communist in its weakness and bring Europe down too
Harry S. Truman-Containment Policy
issued the Truman Doctrine on March 12, 1947; conatinment meant limiting communism to the areas already under Soviet control
European Union
1980s and 1990s; a European economic organization that helped unifty Europe economically; introduced the Euro
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; formed by US, Canada, and nine Western European countries in 1949; a military alliance to come to each others aid in case of war
Warsaw Pact
1955; Soviet Union formed own military alliance; included USSR and seven satellites in Eastern Europe; mainly a weapon to keep satellites in order
United Nations
April 1945; national organization to ensure peace; different from League of Nations because it had the United States backing and a military to enforce its rules

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