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Chapter 4 PS1

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
bill of rights
first ten anendments to the constitution
civil liberties
protection of individual rights of citizens from the gov't
civil rights
protection of citizen equality provided by the gov't
substantive liberties
limits what the gov't shall and shall not have the power to do
ex post facto laws
law that declares an action to be illegal after it has been committed
habeas corpus
prohibits the gov't from depriving a person of liberty without explaining the reason before a judge
bills of attainer
law that decree a person guilty of a crime without a trial
procedural liberties
how the gov't is supposed to act
dual citizenship
both a US citizen and a citizen of the state in which they reside
dual process of law
no person shall be deprived of life liberty or property without due process of the law
incorporation
"absorption" of the bill of rights
(court decision required to follow parts of the bill of rights)
perferred freedoms
free speech
free press
establishment clause
a "wall of separation" between church and state
free exercise clause
right to believe and practice whatever religion one chooses
strict scrutiny
higher standards of judicial review
clear and present danger test
government intervention or cersorship
speech plus
speech followed by an act like picketing
slander
a malicious oral statement
libel
a malicious written statement
fighting words
when the speech comes just before actual fighting
exclusionary rule
prohibits evidence obtained during an illegal search from being introduced in a trial
grand jury
jury for federal cases
double jeopardy
being tried for the same crime twice
miranda rule
protection against police abuse of arrested persons
eminent domain
power of gov't to take private property for a public use
right to privacy
people have the right to be left alone from gov't intervention
"separate but equal rule"
segregated accomodations were equal as long as some accomodations for blacks exisited
equal protection clause
all people are equal
de jure
"law"

legally enforced
de facto
an ACTUAL fact
affirmative action
compensatory action to overcome the consequences of past discrimination
procedural rule
person is innocent until proven guilty

Deck Info

32

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