Western Civ Terms
Terms
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- Hagia Sophia
- A great architectural feet built in Byzantium. It is a large church, still one of the largest domes in the world.
- Usury
- Medieval System of charging interest on loans
- Pilgrimage
- A religious voyage or trip to a holy place or sacred spot in ones religion
- Carbon Dating
- Using samples taken from somebody/something through a scientific research in which they can determine the date.
- Magna Carta
- English Legal Charter laying out boundaries for kings.
- Monasticism
- The act of being a monk, living a life of solitude away from the "inpurities" of society, living a life of working, praying, living a life of complete religious faith
- Tympanum
- An arch or triangular figure over church or religious buildings doorway usually covered in religious text or other articles.
- Triptych
- A painting made up of three hinged panels that can be folded together
- Flying Buttress
- A support that counteracts the outward thrust of a heavy roof or wall
- Gargoyles
- Grotesque flying statues at the roof of a church or cathedral, used as rain spouts.
- Troubadours
- Traveling musicians who moved from town to town performing and entertaining
- Mosaic
- Pictures or designs made of many small pieces of glass enamel or stone
- Stratigraphy
- The study of layered material deposited over time
- Heresy
- Contradicting or opposing the church which resulted in excommunication
- The Crusades
- Series of holy journeys to regain the holy land. People went there for different ranges ranging from money, winning back old land, and willingness to fight for their religion
- Sonnet
- Fourteen Line Poem, many written by Shakespeare
- Journeyman
- Medieval apprentice attempting to join a guild while still being paid for his labour
- Sfumato
- Italian painting technique in which translucent layers of colour over lap to form a realistic blend
- Radiating Chapels
- A side altar
- Foreshortening
- The term used when artists figured shorter or smaller than usual in order to fit in with linear perspective
- Bias
- An opinion based upon ones background or belief
- Cloister
- Corridor open to the air from the sides, it usually surrounds a courtyard or garthe
- Pieta
- A work depicting Christ strewn across the Virgin Mary's lap mourning
- Renaissance
- A period of great awakening in which a new interest in the arts and architecture brought a 'rebirth' of interest similar to that of Ancient Rome
- Patriarch
- A high ranking bishop in the eastern orthodoxy
- Dendrochronology
- Using the rings on trees to determine how old they are
- Fresco
- A wall or ceiling painting containing vivid colours, it contains water mixed with pigment
- History
- The study of time, and the past
- Latin Christiendom
- People who practiced Roman Christidom throughout Europe, Asia Minor, and Africa.
- Scholasticism
- When Medieval philosophers began to reconcile the Christian theology
- Primary Source
- A source from somebody/something that was their to witness an event in first person
- Domestic System
- Laborers who work from home
- Tempera
- A paint made of of dry pigments or colours mixed with a binding material
- Feudalism
- The Medieval Political system of a pyramid form with the king, nobles, vassals, peasants, serfs
- Contrapposto
- A representation of the human body in which all the weight is shifted onto one part of the body(leg, hip, and shoulder)
- Archaeology
- The study of human culture through recovery, documentation, analysis, and interpretation of recovered articles
- Czar
- The Russian equivalent of an emperor or pope
- Icon
- A holy image or sculpture depicting a religious image or figure that was usually kept in homes or churches for worship.