History Final Study Guide

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Tidewater: This was one of the nicest places to stay in America, and the rich stayed here
Life, Liberty, and Property: Man's Natural Rights
1688: Year of the Glorious Revolution
Asian Hunters: The First people who arrived in America
Slave Codes: Laws that denied enslaved Africans most of their rights
what was there a seperation of in the Rhode Island gov.?: church and state
Thomas Paine: AKA T-Pain, Writer of Common Sense
Anasazi: Cliff-Dwelling Tribe
1215: Signing of the Magna Carta
Plantation: Large farm worked by many laborers
Magellan: This man's crew was the 1st to circumnavigate the globe
New England: These colonies produced 1 crop per season, fished, whaled, built ships, traded, and had great schools
Relief: Difference of heights in 2 physical features
William Penn: This man founded Pennsylvania
Thomas Hooker: This man founded Connecticut and wrote The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Cuba: Another one of the first islands Columbus landed on
Coercive Acts: Boston Port Act, Massachusetts Government Act, Administration of Justice Act, Quartering Act, Quebec Act (All were illegal under British Law)
Conquistador: Spanish conquerer in 16th Century America
Beringia: The land bridge the asian hunters went across
Equator: Main line of Latitude
Prime Meridian: Main line of Longitude
Jamestown: 1st permanent English settlement in America
who did cabot sail for and where was he from?: was italian sailing for england
John Smith: This man arrived in Jamestown and took charge
Montezuma: Aztec Emperor
Aqueduct: Structure that carries water
Pontiac: Leader of an Indian alliance who captured forts and frontier settlements
Colorado River: River that flows through the Grand Canyon
Rise of Capitalism: With this event, much money was produced
Taino: The Indians Columbus met
Townshend Acts: Tax on imports
Louisiana: Area in the Mississippi Valley claimed by Robert de la Salle
Colony: Settlement made by a parent company
King: The person the Middle Class supported
Roanoke: The English tried to make a settlement here, but it failed
Labor: There was a shortage of this in America
Gentry: Highest American social class
Hispaniola: One of the first islands Columbus landed on
Bunker Hill: Most of this battle took place on Breed's Hill
William Penn: Leader of the Quakers, who focused on capturing Canada
Yankees: Members of the Union Army in the Civil War
St. Augustine: First permanent city in America
Cardinal Points: Points on a compass: North, South, East, and West
Textiles: Fabrics
1642-1649: Years of the English Civil War
Declaratory Act: Parliament has the authority to bind the colonies in any case whatsoever
Slaves: A huge deal in Virginia, who evolved over a long period of time
Northwest Passage: Waterway through America to Asia
what principle was established by the magna carta?: limited gov.
711-1492: Years of the Reconquest
1588: Year of the Defeat of the Spanish Armada
1776-1783: Years of the American Revolution
Great Awakening: Religious Revival
Crusades: Series of wars fought by European Christians
Tropics: Area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
who did columbus sail for and where was he from: sailed for spain but was from italy
Coronado: This man explored the Grand Canyon
Oceans, Seas, Rivers, and Lakes: 4 Major types of bodies of water
Writs of Assistance: Blank Search Warrants
Elevation: Height above the land above sea level
Longitude: Other Word for Meridians on a map
Ponce de Leon: This man looked for the Fountain of Youth, but ended up in Florida
Caravel: Small ship with a broad bow
Rise: The Ice Age made the water level ____
Immigrants: People who move to another place to make a permanent home there
Middle Colonies: These colonies produced many cash crops such as wheat, beef, and pork, they were known as the Breadbasket Colonies, they were wealthy, they were Protestant, and had private schools
Capitalism: Theory that money is needed to start and run a business
Crispus Attucks: 1st Black to die for the revolutionary cause
Artisan: Person trained in a skill or labor
Lord Baltimore: This man founded Maryland
Quetzalcoatl: The Aztecs thought Cortes was this God
Separatists: Those who left the Anglican Church
Appalachian Mountains: Main Mountain Chain in East USA
Plantation: A Large Farm
Conservative Revolution: Why the American Revolution was unique
Greek: These people were the best mapmakers and made the most contributions to mapmaking
what did Romans give to America?: rule of law and republic
1781: Year of Yorktown
Cuzco: Capital of the Inca Empire
Peninsulares: Highest Spanish social class, born in Spain
English, German, and Scotch-Irish: The main immigrant groups coming to America
what was the puritan emphasis on education?: everyone should be educated to be able to read the bible
Mestizos: 3rd Highest Spanish social class, people of mixed Spanish and Indian
1453: Year of the Fall of the Byzantine Empire
Galileo: This man confirmed the Copernican theory and discovered the laws of motion
Jonathan Edwards: Preacher who wanted to rekindle the Puritan flame
Pizarro: This man conquered the Inca
what is encomienda?: native americans were forced 2 work for the profit of an individual spaniard
Regions: Parts of the earth that share common characteristics
Quebec: 1st permanent French settlement in America
1777: Year of Saratoga
Colonial Unity: The effect of different nationalities in America
Boston Tea Party: Event where 342 Chests of Tea were dumped into NY Harbor
1620: Year of the start of Plymouth
House of Burgesses: This is a group of citizen representatives in the colonies, who elect and do political stuff
Suffolk Resolves: This says that the Intolerable Acts are Illegal: Don't follow them
Naval Stores: Products of pine forests used in wooden shipbuilding and maintenance
Tenochitlan: Capital of the Aztec Empire
Thomas Jefferson: Writer of the Declaration of Independence
Climate: Usual pattern of weather in an area over a long period of time
Navigation: Science of piloting ships
Balboa: This man claimed the Pacific, but he didn't realize that was the largest ocean in the world
Patroon: Landowner in the Dutch colonies who received rent, taxes, and labor from tenant farmers
Absolute Location: Location used with exact grid address on a map
Stamp Act Congress: 9 Colonies sent delegates to ask for repeal of the Stamp Act in this event
who was responsible for the victory in the french & indian war: william pitt
Enlightenment: Period of questioning
Fall of the Byzantine Empire: This event influenced exploration, because no one could travel to Asia by land anymore
Precipitation: Moisture that falls as rain, snow, or sleet
absolute monarchy (humans coldn't make disicions for themselves were made selfish and violent so gov. should make decisions for them: What was absolutism
Mutiny: To seize control of the ship from the captain and officers
Cartier: This man sailed up the Saint Lawrence River and claimed Canada for France
Apprentice: One who is bound to a master without pay to learn a craft or trade
Legislature: Lawmaking body
Cartographer: Mapmaker
who thought that gov should be divided into 3 branches?: montesque
Joint-Stock Company: Form of business organization; pooled funds of many investors or stockholders who can independently sell their shares of the company
De Gama: This man sailed from Portugal around Africa to India
Tribe: Group with common territory, language, culture, value, religion, and social structure
Potlatch: Feast held by wealthy families of the Northwest
1630-1643: Years of the Great Migration
what industry was capitalism started in?: textiles
476: Year of the Fall of Western Rome
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay: The 3 Americans at the signing of the Treaty of Paris
Lords: These people ruled their manors
Loyalist: Colonist who sided with Great Britain during the American Revolution
Higher: The status of women in America compared to England
Chesapeake Bay: Bay east of our nation's capital
Reconquest: Time of attempting to recapture Spain from the Moors
Dias: This man sailed to the tip of Africa, then came back to Portugal
Maya: These people were extremely skilled farmers, master builders, built pyramids, they studied the sky and made calenders
where was the enlightenment centered?: france
Rio Grande: River that forms the border between Texas and Mexico
France: Nation that treated the Natives the best
reached the tip of Africa and renamed it Cape of Good Hope: What did Bartholomeu Dias do
Amerigo Vespucci: America was named after this man, who was the first to say America was a new continent
Import: Trade product brought into a country
Portugal: Country that started the Age of Exploration
14th-16th centuries: Renassiance (1350-1550)
Frontier: Thinly settled area on the outer limits of a colony
Prince Henry: This man started the School of Navigation
Algonquin: These Indians sided with France, built roundhouses, and were weaker than their rivals
1754-1763: Years of the French and Indian War
Hunter-gatherers: These people hunted animals, and gathered berries for food
Treaty of Tordesilla: In this event, the Pope divided the world between Spain and Portugal
Committees of Correspondence: Organized network for passing along news of British activity to the colonies
Tropic of Capricorn: 23.5º South Latitude
Quakers: These people followed William Penn, who was one of these people
Gunpowder: Without this, most weapons would not be made
De Champlain: This man established Quebec, and he's called the Father of New France
Sierra Nevada Mountains: Mountain range that separates California and Nevada
Subsistence farming: When farmers produce only enough to feed and maintain their families
King Philip's War: This event was influenced by all of the English who hated the Indians
Mercantilism: Theory that a state's power depends on its wealth
Pueblos: Spanish settlements: Economic
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic: Major Oceans of the world
Albany Plan: Join or Die
Declaration of Independence: Document stating the thirteen colonies were separate from Great Britain
Astrolabe: Instrument that tells Latitude
Weather: Condition of the earth's atmosphere over a short period of time
Relative Location: Location (For example,) He's near the PE Locker Room
Tribute: People paid this when they lost wars
Plateau: Raised, flat area of land
1660: Year of the Restoration
Environment affects Lifestyle: Major idea of Unit 1, with all of the Native American Tribes
Inca: These people conquered by peaceful means, and they built a road system
Blockade: Something that prevents stuff from moving in and out of an area
traitor in the American vs. Britian war: Benedict Arnold
Cavaliers: People who sided with Charles I in the English Civil War
1608: Year of the founding of Quebec
Mountains, Hills, Plains, and Plateaus: 4 Major Landforms
Daughters of Liberty: Group of women formed against the Stamp Act
Continentals: Money made by America worth almost nothing
Francis Marion: Swamp Fox
Export: Product that originates in one place and is sold in another
King Phillip: Another name for Metacomet
Mexico City and Lima: Present day capitals of Mexico, and Peru
1492: Year of the 1st voyage of Columbus
Locke: This man announced man's natural rights
who said you dont need to control economy?: smith
Boston: Capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Italy: Country that started the Renaissance with all of their trade
Agnosticism: You can't tell if there's a God
gold and silver: What is bullion
Newton: This man made the laws of gravity
Massachusetts: Many people left this colony to start new ones
Isthmus: Narrow Strip of Land between 2 Bodies of Water
Great Migration: This name was used to describe all the English migrating
Glaciers: Large, thick bodies of slowly moving ice, found in mountains, and polar regions
Bahamas: The Islands Columbus was on (He thought he was on the West Indies)
English Reformation: With this event, Exploring was promoted to spread England's religion
Mound Builders: People who built mounds
James Wolfe: This man captured Quebec
Gentry: Highest social class of the American colonies
Tobacco: This is how Virginia was successful
Compass Rose: This tells you the directions: North, South, East, and West
Defeat of the Spanish Armada: This event marked the beginning of English Naval Power
Puritans: Members of the Anglican who wanted to purify the church
what were the cash crops of the southern colonies?: tobacco,rice, and indigo
Missouri River: River that forms a border between Iowa and Nebraska
1630: Year of the start of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: First American constitution or plan of government
Common Sense: Pamphlet written to convince the colonists it was time to become independent
Urban: Relating to that within a city
Germany: The mapmaker who named America was from this country
International Dateline: 180º East Longitude
Indigo: Plant that produces a blue dye
Hessians: Hired German soldiers who fought with England
Privateer: Armed, private ship that protected colonial ports
James, Duke of York: This man captured New York
Protestant Reformation: Reformation in the Roman Catholic Church which improved the church
Cabot: This man made the first English Claim in America
Adobe: Building material out of earth and straw
Stamp Act: 1st Attempt of Direct Taxation by Parliament
1650-1775: Years of the Enlightenment
Samuel Adams: Founder of the Sons of Liberty
Meridian: Other Word for Longitude on a map
nations began competing for markets and trade goods, new business methods developed to invest money: What was the Commercial Revolution
Gulf of Mexico: Large body of water west of Florida that connects to the Atlantic Ocean
Pueblos: Homes built of adobe by Native Americans
Latitude: Other Word for Parallels on a map
what crop saved jamestown?: tobacco
what were the types of colonies?: royal, charter, and propritory
Tolerance: Acceptance of different beliefs
Sons of Liberty: Group formed by Samuel Adams against the Stamp Act
Olive Branch Petition: Letter of peace drafted by the Second Continental Congress to Britain
Isthmus of Panama: Balboa and his men walked across this isthmus
Ohio River: River that forms a border between Indiana and Kentucky
1607: Year of the start of Jamestown
Virtue: Good Characteristic
Separatists: The contributions of these people were making a religious community in America
Declaration of Rights: This says Parliament has no rights to tax (us)
4: # of Columbus' voyages
Creoles: 2nd Highest Spanish social class, had Spanish parents but were born in New Spain
Revival: Period of Religious Awakening
Causeway: Raised highway over water
America: England's colony
Aztec: These people built 3 causeways, built aqueducts, and had a rigid noble system
Drake: First sailor to actually make it with his crew around the world
Lima: Current capital of Peru
July 4, 1776: Date the Declaration of Independence was approved
Atahualpa: This man was taken captive by Francisco Pizzaro of the Spaniards
Middle Passage: Forced trip between Africa and America made by enslaved Africans
1756-1763: Years of the 7 Years War
Mississippi River: Largest River by volume in the US
what did the greek give 2 america?: democracy and maps
Squanto: Indian who helped the English when they were in the Starving Time
Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario: Great Lakes
Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia: Major Continents of the world
Rocky Mountains: First mountain chain west of the Great Plains
Roger Williams: This man was banned from Massachusetts and founded Rhode Island
Lief Ericson: 1st European in America
England, France, Spain, and Russia: 4 Countries who claimed land in North America
White Male Property Owner over 21: Requirements for voting
Overextended, Strict Trade Control, and Social Structure: Spain's weaknesses
Contiguous: (This means, like they are all together with nothing separating them)
Southern Colonies: These colonies were agricultural, they produced rice, indigo, and tobacco, they had swamps, they had lots of either wealthy people or slaves, and they had self-sufficient plantations
Renaissance: Revival of interest in the arts
Massachusetts Bay Colony: Colony founded by the Puritans
Bering Strait: What body of water (Today) was the land bridge on? (Asian Hunters)
what are the 3 parts of colonial gov.?: governor, council, and assembly
Burgesses: Elected representatives to a lawmaking body in the English colonies
English Civil War: With this event, English people wanted to get away, so they went to America
Yorktown: Major battle of the War
Shot heard round the world: The first shot fired in the American Revolution
Enclosure Movement: With this event, a manpower pool of tenant farmers was produced
Proprietor: Individual who received legal and exclusive right to a colony
Restoration: With this event, more people agreed with the English Church
Spain: Country that had the biggest impact on America
Parallel: Other Word for Latitude on a map
Atheism: There is no God
Viceroy: Governor of the Spanish Empire ruling in the Americas
Ohio Valley: Crucial part of the French and Indian War
Maize: Corn
Spain: Country that was brutal to the Native Americans
Santo Domingo: 1st Permanent Spanish settlement in America
Serfs: Peasants who would work for protection
Triangular Trade Route: Regular trading route that formed a triangle between West Indies, colonial America, Europe, and West Africa
Presidios: Spanish settlements: Military
Pension: Payment for military service
Timberline: Elevation where trees don't grow anymore
what didi the jewish give to America?: conenant and ten commandments
Indentured Servant: Person who agreed to work for a colonial employer for a specified time in exchange for passage to America
Proclamation of 1763: This says you can't settle west of the Appalachian Mountains
God, Glory, Gold: The Motivating Factors for the Age of Exploration
Mayflower Compact: Agreement made by Pilgrim leaders that ensured self-government
Indies: Indonesian Islands off the Asian Coast, and Columbus thought he was on these
15th-17th Centuries: Centuries of the Age of Exploration
Trial by Jury and to be Taxed by Those you Elect: 2 Rights as Englishmen Americans kept
Age of Exploration: Period during the 1400's and the 1500's during which sailors sailed and mapped the world
Rural: To be outside a city
Terrace: Leveled off strip of land
Navigation Acts: Laws passed by England to control colonial trade
what were the 2 principles of the english system of gov.?: limited and representative gov.
French and Indian War: Part of the 7 Years War
Tropic of Cancer: 23.5º North Latitude
Plains Indians: These people followed bison, acquired horses, and counted coo
Patriot: Colonist who supported independence from England
Tobacco: Without this, Virginia would fail
what is the concept of natural law?: gave people certain rights that the gov. shouldnt take away
when did they start looking for the northwest passage?: after the fall of the Byzantine empire
Plymouth Colony: Colony founded by the Separatists
George Washington: This man was sent by the 2nd Continental Congress, to fight the French
Corn, Beans, and Squash: The 3 Sisters
Starving Time: This event killed many of the first Americans
Missions: Spanish settlements: Religious
1492: In this year, Spain was re-conquered, and Columbus Sailed
Columbia River: River that flows into the Pacific from the Northwest
Metacomet: Chief of the Wampanoags
Social, Political, Economic, and Technology: The Permissive Factors for the Age of Exploration
Trenton and Princeton: These 2 Battles gave America hope
Social Mobility: Opportunity for a person to move from one social class to another
Deism: God created the universe, then left
Charter: Official document granting the right to settle and trade
Clan: Family with a common ancestor
Mississippians: Most successful Mound Builders
Saratoga: Turning point of the war
Printing Press: With the invention of this, Marco Polo was able to publish his book
General Cornwallis: One of the best British officers who won the Battle of Long Island
1531: Year that Pizzaro entered the Inca Empire
1517: Year that the Reformation began
Boston Massacre: Event in which British soldiers fired into an angry crowd
Middle Ages: Period during which feudalism replaced centralized government and the Roman Catholic Church became a powerful force in Europe
Cape Cod: This looks like a fishhook
Neglect to Control: Policy change after the French and Indian War
Glorious Revolution: This event influenced the Bill of Rights to be written
Intermediate Points: Points on a compass: Northwest, Southwest, Northeast, and Southeast
what was the very 1st charter?: virginia company charter
Valley Forge: This is where Washington's army was really trained
1730-1740: Years of the Great Awakening
De la Salle: This man claimed the Mississippi for France
De Soto: This man looked for the 7 cities of gold but found the Mississippi River
Import Taxes: Taxes on stuff you get from another country
Libel: Act of punishing harmful statements
Mound Builders and Anasazi: 2 Major Native American cultures living in the present US 2,000 years ago
Hudson River: River that empties into NY Harbor
who was the 1st to reach india?: de gama
Manor: Large estate a lord lived in
Marco Polo: Wrote Description of the World
Proclamation for Suppressing Sedition: This says the colonies are in rebellion
Roundheads: People who supported Parliament in the English Civil War
Massachusetts School Law of 1647: The first public school system was set under this law
New Spain and Peru: The 2 sections the Spanish claim was divided into
James Oglethorpe: Founder of Georgia
John Paul Jones: Sailor of the USS Bohomme Richard who was known as the Father of the American Navy
Sapa Inca: The "King of the Incas"
1519: Year that Cortes entered the Aztec Empire
Pilgrims: Another name for Separatists
Rocky Mountains and Appalachian Mountains: Borders of the Great Plains
to travel around the world: What does Cirumnavigate mean
Columbus: This man claimed America for Spain
Internal Stability, Change in Economy, English Reformation, and Richard Hakluyt: 4 Forces of English Migration to America
Iroquois: These Indians sided with Britain, built longhouses, and formed a confederation

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Number of cards 353