Sociology Ch. 4 2
Terms
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- macro/micro sociology
- What are 2 ways to view the world in a sociological matter?
- Social structure
- the typical patterns in a group, consisting of the relationships of people and groups to one another.
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Culture
Social class
Social status - What are the major components of social structure?
- Culture
- determines what kind of people we become
- Social class
- based on income, education, and occupational prestige.
- Social status
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Several positions at same time (student, employee, sisters, aunts, uncles, mother, father)
Status set (combining all together. - Ascribed status
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involuntary
born into; born with
aunt, race, sex - Acheived status
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voluntary, earned
positive or negative - Status symbols
- signs to identify status
- Master statuses
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cuts across other statuses an individual occupies.
ethnicity, sex ... - Status inconsistency
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contradiction or mismatch btwn statuses.
this is 2 statuses but they don't go together. - Social statuses
- _______ _______ come w/ built in norms/expectations that guide our behavior.
- Roles
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behaviors, obligations, and priviledges attached to a status
occupy a status, play a _____.
_____ lay out what is expected of people. - Groups
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consists of people who regularly and consistantly interact w/one another
Share similar values, norms, and expectations. - Organization varies
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status: well-poorly defined
informal-formal
differing degrees of connections w/other groups. - Involuntary memberships
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assigned membership
gender, race, age, family - Voluntary membership
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choose to join
clubs, boy scouts, church groups. - Social institutions
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The organized means that each society develops to meet its basic needs.
Family, religion, law, politics, economics, education, science, medicine, military...
Differentiation
Mass media is an emerging one - Differentiation
- dominant feature of human societies is continual creation of new social institutions (parsons)
- Functional perspective
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Perform vital function for society
Five function requisites
1. replace members
2. Socialize new members
3. Produce/distribute goods and services
4. Preserve order
5. Provide sense of purpose - Conflict perspective
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social institutions do not work harmoniously for the common good.
Power elite -
1. replace members
2. Socialize new members
3. Produce/distribute goods and services
4. Preserve order
5. Provide sense of purpose - What are the 5 functional requisites for a functional perspective?
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Social cohesion
Mechanical solidarity
Division of labor
Organic solidarity
Gemeinschaft (intamate community)
Gesselschaft (impersonal community) - What holds society together?
- Social interaction and symbolic interactionism
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Stereotypes in everyday life
Personal space
4 distance zones
Touching and eye contact - Personal space
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varies by culture
4 distance zones
1. Intamate distance
2. Personal distance
3. Social distance
4. Public distance - Intamate distance
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touching
18 inches apart - Personal distance
- 18 inches to 4 feet
- Social distance
- 4 ft to 12 ft
- Public distance
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12 ft +
president & speech - Dramaturgy
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Social life like a drama or stage play
Front stage vs. back stage (goffman)
role conflict
role strain
We tend to become the roles we play
Impression management -
Use social setting
Appearance
Manner
Face-saving behavior - What are the impression management steps.
- social construction of reality
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Symbolic interaction
Thomas theorm
Subjective interpretation
Need macro and micro sociology
The saints and the roughnecks. - Thomas theorem
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if people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.
"you live in a bubble" - Subjective interpretation
- what you think is real, no matter if is real or not, is real to you.