art history final terms
Using the textbook Gardner's Art Through the ages: A global history by Kleiner. 29 terms for the exam.
Terms
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copy deck
- icon
- A portrait or image, Byzantine - panel with a painting of sacred personages that are objects of veneration
- portal
- Any doorway or entrance but especially one that is large and imposing.
- catacombs
- Underground burial chambers
- Gothic
- a style of architecture developed in northern France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries
- Proto-Renaissance
- meaning 'rebirth'. a term used to describe the flowering of art, scholarship, and literature that took place during the fifteenth and sixteenth century in Europe.
- feudalism
- system in which poor people are legally bound to work for wealthy landowners
- nave
- long central section of the cathedral
- rib vault
- a framework of ribs or arches under the intersections of the vaulting sections
- Pieta
- A painting, drawing, or sculpture of Mary, the Mother of Jesus, holding the dead body of Jesus. The word means "pity" in Italian.
- iconoclasm
- The destruction of religious or sacred images.
- perspective
- A method of presenting an illusion of the three-dimensional world on a two-dimensional surface.the appearance of things relative to one another as determined by their distance from the viewer
- buttress
- an exterior masonry structure that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or a vault. a support.
- scriptorium
- a room in a monastery where the monks hand-copied books
- tympanum
- half-round panel that fills the space between the lintle and arch over the doorway of the church.
- altarpiece
- A panel, painted or sculpted, situated above or behind an altar.
- the crusades
- European-Christian attempt to take control of the "Holy Lands" and convert people to Christianity.
- Pantokrator
- Refers to specific image of Christ as "ruler over all"-head and shoulders only, holding book, gesture of authority/blessing, beard and long hair came later.
- Caroline minuscule
- The alphabet the Carolingian scribes perfected, from which the modern English alphabet was developed.
- Romanesque
- means "Romanlike." first applied in the early 19th century to describe European architecture of the 11th and 12th centuries
- Hiberno-Saxon
- An art style that flourished in the monasteries of the British Isles in the early Middle Ages.
- apse
- a recess, usually semicircular in the wall of a Roman basilica or at the east end of a church
- illuminated manuscript
- a luxurious handmade book with painted illustration and decorations
- medieval monasteries
- a place of residence for members of a religious community during medieval times.
- humanism
- In the Renaissance, an emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge, the exploration of individual potential and a desire to excel, and a commitment to civic responsibility and moral duty.
- miniatures
- things represented on a small scale, eg. Suicide of Judah and Crucifixion of Christ
- ambulatory
- a covered walkway, outdoors or indoors; the passageway around the apse and choir of a church
- transept
- the arm of a cruciform church, perpendicular to the nave
- carpet page
- In early medieval manuscripts, a decorative page resembling a textile.