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Vocab 1-72

Ancient World History Vocab list for Columbia Falls Junior High.

Mr. Henderson and Mr. Padgett

Terms

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Social Class
the organization of a culture group particular to rank and status
Copper Age
historical period when people learned to make tools using copper, followed the Stone Age
Asia
the world's largest continent, bordered by the Ural and Caucasus Mountains and the Arctic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. Area: 44,936,000 sq km/17,350,000 sq mi.
Nomad
somebody who belongs to a group of people who move from place to place seasonally in search of pasture for their herds or food and water
Nirvana
Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, the attainment of enlightenment and freeing of the spiritual self from attachment to worldly things, ending the cycle of birth and rebirth
Bronze Age
historical period of bronze tools: a period of cultural history, that succeeded the Copper Age and was characterized by the use of tools made of bronze
Democracy
the free and equal right of every person to participate in a system of government, often practiced by electing representatives of the people by the people
Landform
natural feature of the landscape: a natural physical feature of the earth's surface, for example, a valley, mountain, or plain
Plague
epidemic disease: a disease that spreads very rapidly, infecting very large numbers of people and killing a great many of them
Dynasty
a succession of rulers from the same family
Barbarian
uncivilized person: especially in ancient times, a member of a people whose culture and behavior was considered uncivilized
Aqueduct
channel for water: a pipe or channel for moving water to a lower level, often across a great distance
Immortal
able to live or last forever: able to have eternal life or existence, especially a god of ancient Greece or Rome
Judaism
the religion of the Jews that has its basis in the Bible
Martyr
somebody put to death: somebody who chooses to die rather than deny religious or political beliefs
Monotheism
belief in one deity: worshiping in only one deity or god
Mummy
a preserved body, especially as the custom of ancient Egypt
Buddhism
a world religion or philosophy based on the teaching of the Buddha, enlightenment can be attained by suppressing worldly desires
Geography
The study of all the physical features of the Earth's surface, including its climate; and plant, animal, and human life
Cuneiform
wedge shapes used in ancient writing, Sumerian Cuneiform the world's first known writing
Afterlife
a form of existence believed to continue after death
Subcontinent
a large area that is identifiably a separate part of a continent with the natural course of things
Neolithic
New Stone Age: the latest period of the Stone Age, between about 8000 BC and 5000 BC, characterized by the development of settled agriculture and the use of polished stone tools and weapons
Alphabet
letters used to represent language or sounds
Veto
From Latin, "I forbid," a formula used in ancient Rome by the Tribunes of the People when they opposed measures taken by either the Senate or the magistrates.
Christianity
the religion based on the life, teachings, and example of Jesus
Time Line
chronology shown pictorially: a linear representation of significant events in a subject area shown in chronological order
Currency
a system of money, or the bills and coins themselves, used in a particular country
Agriculture
farming: the occupation, business, or science of cultivating the land, producing crops, and raising livestock
Tyrant
in ancient Greece, a ruler who took control of a state without legal sanction and governed with absolute power
Slavery
system based on enslaved labor: a system based on using the enforced labor of other people
Culture
shared beliefs and values of a group: the beliefs, customs, practices, and social behavior of a particular nation or people
Monsoon
a large-scale wind system that seasonally blows in opposite directions and determines the climate of large regions
Caste
Hindu social class into which Hindu society is divided and dictates the social position and status of people
Artisan
skilled craftsperson: somebody who is skilled at a craft
Bazaar
a street market in Middle Eastern Countries
Plebeian
member of the Roman plebs: one of the ordinary citizens of ancient Rome as distinct from the patricians.
Europe
the second smallest continent after Australia, lying west of Asia, north of Africa, and east of the Atlantic Ocean. Population: 728 million Area: 10,525,000 sq km/4,065,000 sq mi.
Domesticate
AGRICULTURE tame an animal: to accustom an animal to living with or near people, usually as a farm animal or pet
Confucianism
relating to the teachings of Confucius, self-control - social & political order
Dharma
Hinduism, a person's duty to behave according to strict religious and social codes
Empire
a group of nations, territories or cultures ruled by a single authority or government (emperor)
Silk Road
trade route between China and the Middle East mainly used to transport silk and spice
Ice Age
any of the periods in the Earth's history when temperatures fell worldwide and large areas of the Earth's surface were covered with glaciers
Paleolithic
early Stone Age: the early part of the Stone Age, when early human beings made chipped-stone tools
Hieroglyph
a picture or symbol used in a writing system especially in the writing system of ancient Egypt
Reincarnation
in some systems of belief, the cyclical return of a soul to live another life in a new body
Jade
either of two different minerals, nephrite or jadeite, varying in color from a deep green through yellow and brown to white, mainly used for making ornaments and jewelry
Missionaries
somebody sent to another country by a church to spread its faith or to do social and medical work
Covenant
in the Bible promises made between God and the Israelites, who agreed to worship no other gods
Warlord
a military leader, especially a powerful one, operating outside the control of government
Prehistory
history before written word: the period before history was first recorded in writing
Mercenary
MILITARY professional soldier: a professional soldier paid to fight for an army other than that of his or her country
City-state
an independent state made up of a sovereign city and its surrounding territory
Iron Age
the period following the Bronze Age, during which iron was increasingly used in making tools and weapons
Caravan
a group of traders traveling together for safety, usually with camels
Convert
change somebody's beliefs: to adopt new opinions or beliefs or to change the opinions or beliefs of another, especially religious beliefs
Famine
a severe shortage of food resulting in widespread hunger
Polytheism
belief in several deities: worshiping of or believing in more than one deity
Philosophy
the branch of knowledge or academic study devoted to the systematic examination of basic concepts such as truth, existence, reality, causality, and freedom
Hinduism
the religion of India and the oldest of the worldwide religions, a belief in reincarnation
Archaeology
study of ancient cultures through remains
Islam
the religion of Muslims, based on the teachings of Muhammad
Civilization
highly developed society: a society that has a high level of culture and social organization
Dictator
POLITICS tyrant: a leader who rules a country with absolute power, usually by force
Patrician
aristocratic Roman: a member of an aristocratic family of ancient Rome whose privileges included the exclusive right to hold certain offices
Silk
the fine fiber that silkworms secrete to make their cocoons, it is used in the manufacture of threads and fabrics
Prophet
in religion somebody who interprets divine will or the will of a god
Pharaoh
an ancient Egyptian ruler
Taoism
a Chinese philosophy that advocates a simple life and noninterference
Loess
a fine-grained yellowish brown deposit of soil left by the wind. The loess deposited by winds from Central Asia provided the basis for productive farming in early China
History
A written chronological accounting of what happened in the past

Deck Info

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