Biology Chapter 5 2
Terms
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- passive transport
- the movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
- diffusion
- the movement of particles from regions of higher density to refions of lower density
- concentration gradient
- a difference in the concebtration of a substance across a distance
- equilibrium
- i biology a state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the smae throughout a space
- osmosis
- the diffision of water or another solcvent froma more diflute soluriom of a solute to amore concentrated solution of the solute through a membrane that is permeable to the solvent
- hypotonic
- describes a solution whose solute concentration is lower than the solute concentrarion inside a cell
- hypertonic
- describes a solurion whos solute concentrartion is higher than the soure concentration inside a cell
- isotonic
- describes a solution whose solulte concentration is equal to the solute concentration inside the cell
- contractile vacuole
- in protists an organelle that accumulates water and then releases it periodicaly to maintain osmotic pressure
- turgor pressure
- the pressure that is exerted on the inside od cell walls and that is caused by the movement of water into the cell
- plasmolysis
- the contraction of shrinking of the cell membvrane of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis
- cytolysis
- the bursting of a cell
- facilitated diffusion
- the transport of substances through a cell membrane along a concentration gradient with the aid of carrier proteins
- carrier protein
- a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane
- ion channel
- a complex of protein molecules in a cell membrane that form a pore through which ions can pass