Mus 11
Terms
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- Where is the musical language of Klezmer derived from?
- Cantoral singing (krekts); Eastern European folk and popular music.
- What was Haskala's ideology? When?
- To keep Jewish religion, but blend into society. Mid-1700's.
- The _______ saw music and ______ as an integral part of religion and a way to communicate with the divine. ______ above _____, and ______ above _______.
- Hassidin; dancing; religious exultation, knowledge and study; emotion, reason.
- Who opposed instrumental music as part of religion?
- Misnogdim
- What kind of music was allowed by the Misnogdim? Why?
- Cantoral singing - chanting and prayer. After 2nd temple destroyed by Romans in the year 70.
- For the ________ branch of Hasidism, music was more _______ rather than rythmic.
- Habad; melodic.
- What was the dominant instrument in Klezmer music?
- Violin
- The ______ instrument was used in the beginning, but replaced by the _________.
- Flute, clarinet.
- ________ is an improvised melodic section on top of a drone. It is followed by a ________.
- Doina, dance.
- The Jews who dispered to Spain were known as _______.
- Sephardic.
- The Jews who dispersed to the Mediterranean region were known as?
- Oriental.
- The dispersion of the Jewish people was known as _______?
- Diaspora
- A "scissors" dance.
- Sher
- 4 aspects of ethnomusicology?
-
1) belief system
2) social organization
3) repetoire
4) material culture - Describe the material culture aspect of ethnomusicology:
- instruments.
- What is the Jewish choir boy known as? Who is he apprenticed to? What is he restricted to?
-
Meshoyrer.
Cantor/khazn.
Religious singing. - The ____ was an instrument made from a ram's horn.
- Shofar.
- The ________ is a dance that begins slow & low and ends fast & high.
- khosidl
- The khazn's style of singing was called:
- Cantillation
- What is the mode characterized by the sharp 3rd derived from the khazn's singing?
- Freygish
- What is a scale? The number of each note in the scale is its _______.
-
A group of notes separated by intervals.
Degree. - Some instruments that might be found in a kapelye would be:
- brass (trumpet), clarinet, violin, tsimbl.
- Who was the founder of the Hasidim?
- Baal Shem Tov, "Keeper of the good name"
- The Hasidic sect that followed the founder's ideas was called ______. It could be found in _______, ______, _____, ______.
- Besht. Russia, Poland, Hungary, Romania.
- A niggun was composed by a ________, who was a ______________.
-
Tsadik.
Spirtual leader of Hassidians. -
What kind of instrument?
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---------- - Kinnor (type of lyre).
-
What kind of instrument?
__________
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|_________| - Neval (type of Lyre)
- Biblical round drum is called?
- Tof
- Biblical shaker instrument is called?
- Menalyn
- What was the Biblical flut-like instrument called? (not sacred)
- Halil
- What was the Biblical flute-like instrument used in religious ceremonies called?
- Ugab
- Name the five categories of Jewish musicians:
-
1) Badkhn
2) Klezmer
3) Khazn (cantor, sacred singer)
4) Meshoyrer (cantor's assistant)
5) Folk singer - Name 3 things that define art music.
-
1) Composer is known
2) Performed in a concert setting
3) Audience pays, goes to musicians - The ram's horn was used to (5 things):
-
1) announce new year
2) scare enemy
3) announce victory
4) call people to prayer
5) end of fast - What defines folk music? (3)
-
-Musicians go to the people
-Learned music by listening / not notated
-Composer usually not known - The Jews who dispersed to Eastern Europe were called _______.
- Ashkenazic.
- Where did the Haskala movement exist?
- Started in Germany, moved eastward.
- When Klezmers used nigguns as secular melodies, they were called _______.
- Khosidl (???).