Biology H Chapter 7
Terms
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- autotroph
- an organism that makes its own food
- autotroph (producers)
- organisms that makes their own food
- Photosynthesis
- process when plants use suns energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
- heterotrophs (consumers)
- organisms that cannot make their own food, depend on producers to supply energy
- Cellular respiration
- Chemical process that uses oxygen to convert the chemical energy stored in organic molecules into another form of chemical energy - ATP
- Kinetic Energy
- Energy of motion
- Potential energy
- Energy that is stored due to an objects position or arrangement (top or bottom of slide)
- Thermal energy
- random molecular motion energy (type of kinetic energy)
- Chemical energy
- Depends on the structure of molecules
- Organic molecules
- EX: fats proteins carbohydrates have structures that make them rich in chemical energy
- Calorie
- Amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
- ATP
- Adenosine triphosphate (consists of 5-carbon sugar called ribose) (consists of 3 phosphate groups, tail)
- Aerobic
- Requires oxygen
- Electron transport chain
- The series of transfers where electron carriers pass the electrons on to other carriers
- Metabolism
- Made up by a cell's chemical processes
- Glycolysis
- Takes place outside mitochindria in the cytoplasm (SPLITTING OF SUGAR)
- Kreb's cycle
- Finishes the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing more energy in the process
- ATP synthase
- protein structures, act like miniature turbines (little tunnel)
- Fermentation
- Makes ATP without using oxygen
- Anarobic
- Without oxygen
- Cellular respiration 2
- Uses oxygen to covert the chemical energy stored in organic molecules into another form of chemical energy (ATP)
- chemical energy (2)
- the more a molecule needs to break down, the more chemical energy it has
- combustion
- immediately takes place, very fast (complex molecule broken down into smaller molecules with less energy)
- kilogram
- 1,000 g