WH Important People
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- Babar
- founded the Mogul Empire in India
- Bayezid II "The Just"
- consolidated Ottoman rule in the Balkans, Asia Minor, and the eastern Mediterranean, opposed the Safavid dynasty of Persia
- Ferdinand and Isabella
- their marriage united Spain, set up the Inquisition, expelled the Moors and Jews, conquered Granada from the Moslems, sponsored Columbus
- Ivan III the Great
- Grand Duke of Moscow, renounced the Golden Horde (Mongols) in 1480, became tsar and united Russia
- Nanak
- around 1520 founded the Sikh faith, combining Hindu and Muslem beliefs
- Selim I Yavuz
- Ottoman Sultan that rebelled against his father and brothers, took control of the Ottoman Empire, and took over Syria and Egypt (1470-1520)
- Suleiman I the Magnificent
- 1520-1566 brought the Ottoman empire to its strongest
- Charles V
- Holy Roman Empire, last attempt to revive the medieval universal empire before wars broke it apart in 1555
- Ismail I
- Shah of Persia, founded the Safavid dynasty (Shiite) that ruled 1501-1736. 1514 the Sunni Ottoman sultan Selim defeated him
- Akbar the Great
- 1555-1605 ruled as the greatest Mogul Emperor of India, grandson of Babar, religious tolerance
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi
- Japanese commander, overthrew the Daimyo, 1590 conquered all of Japan, tried to move through Korea to China but failed
- Ivan IV the Terrible
- finished removing the Tartar (mongols), opened Sibiria, strengthened empire, destroyed aristocratic opposition with bloody violence
- Boris F. Godunov
- became Tsar when the retarded son of Ivan IV, Fyodor, died without heirs, his death in the civil war led Russia into the "time of troubles"
- Aurangzeb
- Last of India's great Mogul emperors, ended tolerance of Hindus, caused wars, empire started to fall apart
- Oliver Cromwell
- led the rebellion against the monarchy (charles I) but later named himself Lord protector
- Frederick the Great
- 1712 - 1786, King of Prussia, doubled its size and made it the dominant German power
- Louis XIV
- 1638-1715, Great Monarch, Sun King, made France super powerful, peak of Absolutism, palace at Versailles, longest reign in modern European history
- Sivaji
- 1627-1680, founded the Maratha kingdom in west India, fought against the Mogul rulers of northern Inida, religious tolerance and social reforms
- Wu San-Kuei
- Ming general, asked Manchus for help when Peking was attacked by rebels, leading to the Qing dynasty
- William III of Orange
- governor of the Netherlands, put on the throne of England in the Glorious Revolution 'for the Protestant faith and a free parliament'
- Peter I the Great
- Russian Tsar that initiated major reforms, Westernization, and military expansion, making Russia a major European power
- Maximilien Robespierre
- French Revulotionary leader of the Jacobin faction, commanded the Reign of Terror until his execution
- Catherine II the Great
- Empress of Russia 1762-1796 after a coup overthrew her husband Peter III, expanded into Turkish and Polish lands, cultural advances
- Francis II, I
- last Holy Roman Emperor until it was dissolved by Napoleon, then reigned as the first Emperor of Austria, with chancellor Metternich Austria got powerful
- Alexander II
- Tsar of Russia who emancipated the serfs in 1861 and initiated huge reforms, defeated in Turkey in the last Russo-Turkish war
- Otto von Bismarck
- appointed Minister-President of Prussia, created the German empire in 1871, "Iron Chancellor" because of anti-socialism
- Ben Gurion
- founding father and first Prime Minister of Israel
- Count Camillo Cavour
- prime minister of Sardinia, expelled the Austrians from northern Italy, created the Italian national state
- Giuseppe Garibaldi
- leader in the 1848-49 Italian Revolution, led invasions that led to the unification of Italy under Victor Emmanuel II
- Ho Chi-Minh
- founded the Indo-Chinese Communist Party in 1930, led the Viet Minh guerillas, declared Vietnamese independence in 1945, became president and led the wars against France and the U.S.
- Mohammed Ali Jinnah
- founded Pakistan and became its first Governor-General by demanding the partition of India as president of the Moslem league
- I Ching, Yijing, Zhang Wen Ming
- Tang Dynasty Buddhist Monk, studied at Nalanda, translated Buddhist texts to Chinese
- Empress Wu Zetian, Wu Zhao, Tiance Jinlun Shengshen
- only woman emperor in China's history, created the second Zhou dynasty in the middle of the Tang, manipulative, ruled through two puppet leaders before becoming empress
- Li Hongzhang
- 1823-1901, general that ended major rebellions, statesman of the Qing, Viceroy of Zhili, diplomatic negotiation, now portrayed negatively by the CCP
- Wei Qing
- Han general who fought against the Xiongnu, 160-106 B.C., brother of Wei Zifu, uncle of Huo Qubing
- Li Guang
- died 109 B.C. (suicide) The Flying General, fought for the Han against the Xiongnu
- Huo Qubing
- 141-117 B.C. Han general, fought against Xiongnu, died of Plague, half-brother Huo Guang, nephew of Wei Qing and Wei Zifu
- Huo Guang
- died 68 B.C., regent after the death of Emperor Wu, ruled during the short life of the young Emperor Zhao, made Prince He emperor but deposed him after only 28 days and installed emperor Xuan, rare strength to act for the good of the empire
- Emperor Wu
- Han, 156-87 B.C. remembered as one of the best emperors, expanded made Confucianism official for the state, 54 years= second longest reign
- Emperor Kangxi
- 3rd Qing Emperor, 1654-1722, maybe the greatest emperors ever
- zhang qian
- Han explorer and and imperial envoy, died 113 B.C., first official diplomat to bring back reliable information about Central Asia, part in the Xinjiang conquest
- Sima Qian
- Han historian, Records of the Grand Historian are very important