Geography Finals Terms
Terms
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- A religion that originated in India in about 500 B.C. and spred to China, where it grew into a major religion by A.D. 400.
- Buddism
- a philosophy based on the book Tao Te Ching and the teachings of Lao-Tzu, who lived in China in the 6th centery B.C. and believed in preserving and restoring harmony in the individual, with nature, and in the universe, with little interference from the g
- Taoism
- A movement based on the teachings of Confucius, a Chinese philosopher who lived about 500 B.C.; Confucius stressed the importance of education in an ordered society which one respects one's elders and obeys the government.
- Confucianism
- the leader of the Communists in China who defeated the Nationalists in 1949; he died in 1976.
- Mao Zedong
- a workplace where people work long hours for low pay under poor conditions to enrich manufactures.
- sweatshop
- exact place on earth where a geographic feature is found.
- Absolute location
- describes a place in comparison to other places around it.
- Relative Location
- divides the earth into North and South halfs
- equator
- Lines that are parallel to the equator.
- Latitude Lines
- Lines that go around the earth over the poles
- Longitude Lines
- 5 themes of Geography
- Location, Place, Region, Movement, Human-Environment Interaction
- The oldest of the South West Asian Religions. A monotheistic religion concentrated in Israel whose holy book is the Torah. It is an ethnic religion, culture and faith are tied together.
- Judaism
- A monotheistic south west Asian religion based on the teachings of Muhammad the prophet. The holy book is the Qur'an and the religion has 2 divisions, Sunni and Shi'ite
- Islam
- 5 pillars of Islam
- pilgrimage, charity, prayer, fasting, faith
- a region of northern India and Pakistan over which several destructive wars have been fought.
- Kashmir
- citizens hold political power, either through elected representatives or directly
- Democracy
- A ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share power with citizen bodies
- Monarchy
- An individual or group holds complete power
- Dictatorship
- Nearly all political power and means of production are held by the government in the name of the people.
- Communism
- How does size effect a nation?
- it may effect power, a larger country has more people and resources
- How does shape effect a nation?
- It impacts how easy the nation is to rule and how easily it moves goods
- How does location impact a nation?
- Location effects trade.
- a fixed line, usually on latitude and longitude lines
- Artificial Boundary
- a line based on physical features
- Natural boundary
- the Aryan system of social classes. A cornerstone of Hinduism
- caste system
- the belief in more than one God
- Polytheism
- period of direct British control of India
- Rai
- A type of map which helps you to see types of land forms and bodies of water, relief is used to show altitude.
- Physical Map
- A type of map that shows man made htigns: Country corders, cities, capitals
- Political Map
- Ethnic, polytheistic religion concentrated in India. It is sometimes considered montheistic. The divine spirit is called Brahman. The caste system is a cornerstone.
- Hinduism
- group that shares a language, customs and common heritage
- Ethnic group
- when a society changes because it accepts or adopts an innovation
- Acculturation
- version of a language
- dialect
- when a nation and a state occupy the same territory.
- nation-state
- number of live births per 1,000 population
- Birth rate
- number of deaths per 1,000 population
- mortality (death) rate
- the rate at which a population is growing. Birth rate - mortality rate
- rate of natural increase
- a graphic device that shows sex and age distibution of a population by year.
- Population Pyramid
- reasons for people migrating
- Push-pull factors
- the average number of people who live in a measurable area.
- Population density
- the dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result
- urbanization
- the total annual value of all goods and services produced by a nation's businesses and industries.
- Gross national product (GNP)
- the total annual value of all goods and services produced within the boundaries of a nation.
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- an economic system in which the government plans and determines the production of goods and services.
- command economy
- an economic system in which production fo goods and services is determined by demand from consumers
- market economy
- complete seperation of the races
- apartheid
- one of the leaders of the African National Conference who fought for black rights.
- Nelson Mandela
- acquired immune deficiency syndrom, caused by HIV
- AIDS
- A Palestinian leader for almost 40 years who won a Nobel Peace Prize for signing a treaty with Israeli leaders.
- Yasser Arafat
- a period of decline in general business activity
- recession
- A conference of European leaders where guidelines were set down about dividing Africa. No African leader was invited.
- Berlin Conference
- a debt reducing deal wherein an organization agrees to pay off a certain amount of government debt in return for government protection of a certan portion of rain forest.
- debt-for-nature swap
- one of the republics that remains a part of Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union despite independence movements and violent upheaval.
- Chechnya
- The sight of a nuclear power plant near Kiev, in Ukraine, where there was a catastrophic acccident in 1986
- Chernobyl
- where religios leaders control the government according to the teachings of Islam.
- Theocracy
- a group of people living without a land that is legally there's.
- stateless nation
- consists of the productions and exchange of goods and services among a group of people.
- Economy
- The way people produce and exchange goods and services.
- Economic system
- average amount of money earned by each person in a political unit.
- per capita income
- the cutting down and clearing away of trees.
- deforestation
- the theory that the continents are slowly drifting apart and were once one large land mass.
- continental-drift theory
- the practice of having more than one spouse.
- polygamy
- The policiy in China that gave economic incentive for families to have only one child.
- One-Child-policy
- discrimination against Jewish people
- anti-semitism
- a tent of Central Asia's nomads
- yurt
- a tradition belief, with the belief that there are divine forces in nature
- animism
- Indian man who used nonviolent protest as a means of objecting to the poor treatment of non-caucasians in India. He was educated as a lawyer and was shot on his way to prayers by a Hindu man.
- Gandhi
- Buddhist cheif and ruler of tibet
- Dalai Lama
- a region of China
- Tibet
- a disease that affects a enormous amoutn of people over a vast geographic area
- pandemic