History Exam
Terms
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- Kamikaze
- a divine wind that destroyed a Mongol fleet, ruled by Kublai Khan, of 140,000
- The Doomsday Book
- an English census of the shires, occupants, and assets that was initiated by William the Conqueror and royal commissioners that he chose
- Greek fire
- a petroleum-based chemical that burst into flames that was developed by Byzantium as a weapon
- Diamond Sutra
- the worlds first known printed book, was printed and China,and was also a religious Buddhist text
- Grand Canal
- a waterway, that was dug, that connects northern and southern China and was developed by the Sui empire
- Excommunication
- once someone is excommunicated, they are not allowed to be members of the church anymore. This is due to a variety of reasons like heresy.
- Olmec
- one of the earliest Mexican cultures that had a large class of farmers and a small elite. The elite had military, political, and religious power. The Olmec had a god that was part jaguar and part person and they also created basalt heads (15 remain) and each of the remaining heads weigh up to 40 tons.
- Knights
- warriors who wore chain-mail (metal-links stitched to a knee-length shirt), sons of nobles, at the age of 7, learned to read and write as a page, learned the skills needed to run a castle and the farms on its estate as a page, at 14 they were a knights personal assistants and, they learned the laws of chivalry, good manners, how to dress the knight, and how to prepare a knight for battle as a squire. At the age of 21, the sons of nobles, become knights and defended the castle. When there wasn't a war, they lived on the manor with their lord.
- Bedouins
- nomadic Arabian herders who's leader was called a sheikh
- Muslims
- followers of the religion of Islam
- Primogeniture
- a system of inheritance from father to eldest son for ownership or possession of land in feudal England
- Charlemagne
- the son of Pépin, the greatest of all Frankish kings, he defeated the Lombards, Saxons, Avars, and pushed the Moors back over the Pyrenees. He also tried to defeat the Muslims, but failed, while praying, was declared Emperor of Rome by Pope Leo III, divided his empire into regions where others called "lord's messengers" ruled on his behalf, started schools, and created a readable bible.
- common law
- laws based upon customs and judges' decisions rather than upon written codes
- Linguists
- scientists who study languages to further their knowledge
- Chavín
- a civilization that developed in Andean South America and had artists that created ceramic religious vessels and seashells decorated with images of cats
- Jihad
- the sixth pillar of Islam or the struggle to defend faith. Muslims believe that anyone who died in this struggle, would be rewarded in the next life.
- Boyars
- nobles who advised the king
- Kush
- a kingdom that developed near the Nile and Red river and took over Egypt's trade routes in that area. Kush controlled Egypt until their empire fell (caused by infertile soil and the Aksum Kingdom)
- Fief
- a grant of land given by a king, noble, or vassal that could be given to someone of lesser class for the purpose of working