West. Civ. Finals

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What was the cause for the Boxer Rebellion?: too many foreigners in China
Why did Japan make the decision to westernize in the late 1800's?: so that they would not become a victim of imperialism
During the rule of the Hanover Dynasty: the Office of Prime Minister emerged
The expansion plans of Cecil Rhodes in South Africa were a major cause for the: Boer War
William and Mary became the co-rulers of England as a result of the: Glorious Revolution
England would gain control of the Suez Canal in the 1850's by: buying the majority of Egypt's stock in the canal
The Meiji Restoration led to the modernization of: Japan
Risorgimento Movement: wanted to unite Italy under one Italian ruler
Open Door Policy: all countries could trade equally with China, proposed by John Hay
Guantanamo Bay: a U.S. naval base in Cuba
Otto von Bismarck: became the Chancellor of Prussia and united Germany
Recognized as the first official British Prime Minister: Robert Walpole
He was the author of the Open Door Policy: John Hay
Overthrew the Manchu Dynasty and established the Chinese Republic in 1911.: Sun Yet Sen
Dutch farmers who settled in South Africa: Boers
The major cause for the Spanish American War: Sinking of the Maine
The "architect" of Italian unity: Cavour
What incident was a major cause for the start of World War I: Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were assassinated
What policies led to the downfall of the Provisional Government in Russia in November, 1917?: Kerensky kept Russia in the war
How did Stalin and Trotsky differ in their views of Communism?: Trotsky-internationalist, believed all the world should be turned to communist immediately
Stalin-nationalist, believed all of Russia should convert to communism and then the rest of the world
What was the purpose for Lenin's establishment of the NEP?: for a temporary return to Capitalism to restore the economic conditions in Russia
The Populist Party of the 1890's was supported mostly by: farmers
The most important issue that united the Populist party was: the economic concept of free silver
Who were the three progressive Presidents?: Theodore Roosevelt
William H. Taft
Woodrow Wilson
President Wilson believed that the most important of his Fourteen Points was the: establishment of a League of Nations
Of the following, the president whose administration initiated the most anti-trust proceedings was that of: William H. Taft
The concept of the Five Year Plan for economic development was started in Russia by: Joseph Stalin
Major reforms aimed at improving U.S. society were brought about due to the: Progressive Era
The devastating weapon that dominated World War I was the: machine gun
The most severe terms of the Treaty of Versailles were applied to: Germany
Muckrakers: investigative writers that publicised the problems of society : Lincoln Steffins and Ida Tarbell
Zimmerman Note: proposed alliance between Germany and Mexico and was a cause for U.S. participation in WWI
Blank Check Clause: reparation payment by Germany, where they had to pay an unnamed sum
AEF: American troops that fouhgt in France in WWI
His book publicised the political corruption found in the big cities of the U.S.: Lincoln Steffins
Title given to Theodore Roosevelt's presidency: Square Deal
Type of land warfare characteristic of WWI: Trench Warfare
Commanded U.S. forces that fouhgt in WWI: John Jake Pershing
Influential Wisconsin political leader who started the Progressive Era on the local level: Robert LaFollette
Term used for the secret ballot that was adopted in the U.S. during the progressive era: austrailian ballot
This nation's policy of unrestricted submarine warfare played a major part in the entry of the U.S. into WWI: Germany
What dangerous political situation developed because of the bad economic conditions after World War: led to development of totalitarian government led by dictators
What was the overall theory of the New Deal?: try something and if that doesn't work, try something else
How did Hitler gain power ?: through the political process
During the 1920's in Germany, the Weimar Republic: was blamed for losing the war
The major reason for the U.S. eventually recovering from the Great Depression was: the start of the war preparedness program in 1939
The only country to establish a communist dictatorship between world wars was: Russia
Between world wars, the country that suffered the most from uncontrolled inflation was: Germany
In 1922, Mussolini gained power in Italy as result of the: March on Rome
President Hoover's immediate approach in dealing with the Depression was: "rugged individualism"
The major event in the increase in membership to the Nazi Party in Germany was: the rapid increase in unemployment caused by the depression
A Fascist government is the modern version of: an absolute monarchy
After becoming Chancellor, Hitler began his goal of: uniting all German-speaking peoples
Between world wars, the major problem faced by most nations involved: the economy
Command economy: dictatorship and totalitarian governments
Mein Kampf: the book that Hitler wrote for his plan for Germany
Event that marked the start of the Great Depression in the U.S.: Stock Market Crash
dictatorship on the far left of the political scale: communism
social class that supports the dictatorship to the political left: lower class
dictatorship on the far right of the political scale: facism
social class that supports the far right dictatorship: upper and middle
political party that grew out of the German Worker's Party: NAZI's
title given to FDR's presidency: New Deal
What was the significanece of the presidental election of 1940?: Roosevelt broke the two term tradition
What was the reason for the policy of appeasement followed by the western democracies in the 1930's?: to make sure that their countries would not get involved in another WWI because it was so bad
What did Hitler and Stalin sign in 1939?: a non-agression treaty
Hitler(Germany)
Stalin(Russia)
Hitler's first succesfful aggressive territorial move was his occupation of: the Rhineland
In September, 1940, Roosevelt made a destroyer for bases deal with: Churchill
Hitler's decision to try and defeat England by air power alone, led to the: Battle of Britain
As a result of the Munich Conference, Hitler was allowed to occupy: Czechoslovakia
England and France declared war on Germany as a result of Hitler's: invasion of Poland
The first sea battle to be fought by air plans only was the Battle of: The Coral sea
In December of 1917, the Balfour Declaration: favored the creation of a Jewish national state
Manhattan Project: allied program set up by FDR to develop an atomic bomb
Operation Overlord: allied code name plan to invade France
Zionism: movement started in the 1800's which hoped to start an independent Jewish state in the Middle East
lend lease act: President FDR had authority to provide military supplies to any ally under any of his terms
new type of warfare used by Germany that overran Polan in a month: Blitzkreig
Two factors that enabled England to win the Battle of Britan: radar
RAF(Royal Airforce)
it was a restatement of Wilson's Fourteen Points: Atlantic Charter
It was the site of the Allied landings in France on June 6, 1944.: Normandy
Target of the first atomic bomb: Hiroshima
This battle was the turning point in the Pacific war: Midway
He commanded the Allied landings in France on D-Day: Eisenhower
He violated the Treaty of Versailles when he annexed Austria to his Third Reich: Hitler
British Prime Minister in the 1930's who believed in world peace through appeasement: chamberlain
What precedent was set with Pope Stephen II's crowning of Pepin the Short?: pope claimed the authority to put rulers in or depose them
What role did immunities play in the decline of Charlemagne's empire?: government breakdown
What was the goal of the manor and the result?: goal: self sufficiency
result: great decline of trade
A feudal land grant given by a Lord to a vassal was called a: fief
The major obligation of a vassal was: military service
The Donation of Pepin was a land grant which eventually became: The Papal States(Vatican)
Charles Martel kept western Europe from becoming part of the Islamic empire by: defeating the Moors at the Battle of Tours
The Carolingian Dynasty was named after: Charlemagne
As pope, Innocent III: brought the Church to the peak of its power in the Middle Ages
The area of western Europe ruled by Charlemagne became known as the: Holy Roman Empire
A Lord who was captured in battlew ould be ransomed by his: vassals
Treaty of Verdun: split up Charlemagne's empire among his three grandsons
Mayor of the Palace: ran the empire for the Merovingian kings
lay investiture: when a lay person appoints a clergy member
ex. the king appoints a bishop
City of God: written by Saint Augustine used by Charlemagne to rule his empire
the system of agriculture used on the manor: 3 field system
2 reasons for burning heretics at the stake: 1. example
2. purify soul
title given to Charlemagne by Pope Leo III on Christmas day in the year 800: Holy Roman Emperor
the most feared Barbarian invaders of the 9th and 10th centuries: vikings
the center of life during the Middle Agesq: manor
the group of peasants who were bound to the land: serfs
church court established in the Middle Ages to deal with heresy: court of inquisition
Why did Henry I of England establish a system of traveling judges throughout the country?: to get rid of Feudal law and replace it with the kings law
What problems did the Capetian Dynasty have to solve in order to establish a strong monarchy in France?: gave English kings more land in France
Into what two groups did England's Parliament become divided and what one power idd early Parliament have?: House of Lords and House of Commons, their only power was to approve new tax laws
To keep the kingdom of France from being divided, the custom of primogeniture was established by: Hugh Capet
The coronation of William the Conquerer in London in 1066 led to the establishment of the: Norman Dynasty
As a consequence of the reign of Alfred the Great: a strong navy became a basic British policy
Joan of Arc: inspired the French to victory in the 100 years war
Magna Carta: made the king subject to the law in England
War of the Roses: struggle over British throne between Lancasters and Yorks, Henry Tudor won
Anglo-Saxon Chronicles: Alfred the Great ordered monks to write about the History of England
long bow: weapon that dominated the 100 years war
Bayeaux Tapestry: tapestry that tells of William of Normandy's conquest of England
This country eventually won the Hundred Years war: France
victory in this battle gained William of Normandy the English throne: Battle of Hastings
British assembly which was created as a resutl of a noble uprising led by Simon de Montfort: Parliament
he was murdered in his cathedral at Canterbury: Thomas Beckett
The Treaty of Troyes made Henry V of England aslo king of this country: France
Henry Tudor defeated him to win the War of the Roses: Richard III
Crime for which Joan of Arc was tried and found guilty: heresy
Why did the middle class tend to support the political authority of kings over nobles?: because of the benefits they could gain from uniform law from the kings
How did the philosophical concepts of Ablard and Aquinas differ?: Abelard-used the concept of reason only
Aquinas-used the concepts of reason and faith
How did Gothic architecture get its name?: from the Italians, to ridicule the new style as barbaric
Dante criticized society by using: the souls of the dead
The revival of trade led to the: growth of towns in western Europe
In the early Middle Ages, literature was kept alive by: songs of the troubadours
During the Great Western Schism: three different individuals claimed to be pope
conciliarism: developed by council of constance, which made church council superior to pope, which ended the western schism
avignon papacy: popes ruled from France, instead of Rome
free status: most important of the rights of the townspeople, which said: if a person lived in a town for a year and one day unchallanged, then that person was free
city captured by the fourth crusade: constantinople
country in western europe in which trade revived: italy
town organization which was made up of skilled workers only: craft guild
his Summa Theologica was intended to prove all Church doctrine: thomas aquinas
document by which feudal lords granted freedom to towns on their fiefs: charters of liberty
his Canterbury Tales is considered to be the first book in modern English: Jeffrey Chaucer
their persecution of Christian pilgrims in the Holy Land led to the Crusades: seljuk turks
architectural feature which made Gothic architecture possible: flying buttresses
What were two characteristics of humanism?: Renaissance in thought characterized by life is worth living
What was naturalism and what factors led to its development?: the Renaissance in art-the ability to make paintings look real with shading, perspective, and color
how did the concept of the universe differ between Copernicus and Kepler?: both believed in the theory of heliocentric
Copernicus-perfect circles
Kepler-ellipses
What was the long range significance of Newton's scientific concept of natural law?: it would be used by other scholars in other fields of knowledge
How did the view of salvation differ between Luther and Calvin?: Luther-Salvation by Faith Alone
Calvin-Predestination
Hans Holbein gained importance during the Renaissance for his: portraits of famous people
Galileo was forced to appear before the Court of the Inquisition for his: theory of the universe
John Tetzel played a role in the start of the Reformation in Germany with his: exaggerated claims on indulgences
Michelangelo produced the: ceiling of the Sistene Chapel
The ruler of each German state picked the religion of his state according to the: Peace of Augsburg
The order of succession to the English throne as established by Henry VII was to be: Edward-Mary-Elizabeth
The peace of augsburg resulted in: a religiously divided Germany
the act of supremacy: made the ruler of England head of its church
The purpose of the Council of Trent was the: bringing about of Church reform
The Prince: written by Machiavelli; was a guide for rulers about how they should rule based on "the ends justify the means"
95 Theses: written by Martin Luther, criticising church doctrine, challanging someone to debate him
the city of the Renaissance: florence
greatest dramatist of the Renaissance: Shakespeare
significant improvement credited to John Gutenburg: moveable type
church created in England by Elizabeth I: anglican church
the famous portrait painted by DaVinci: mona lisa
the theory of the universe according to Ptolemy: geocentric
the two groups of English Calvinists: Puritans and Pilgrims
social class attracted to Calvinism: middle class
major religious changes in England took place during:: the reigns of Henry VIII's children
what was the long range significance of LaSalle's voyage down the Mississippi River in 1682?: blocked westward expansion of Britain
What were the two major policies of Peter the Great?: westernization and warm water seaports
What was the significance of the Treaty of Paris in 1763?: France lost all of their north american empire
what was the consequence of the defeat of the Armada?: decline of Spain
Fredinand and Isabella's marriage began:: the unification of Spain
the nation whose overseas empire was founded by private trading companies was: England
during the reign of Philip II: Spain experienced a Golden Age
Richelieu's goal for France was completed by: Cardinal Mazarin
Russia was to be the successor of the Byzantine Empire, or the 3rd Rome, according to: Ivan IV
The expansionist policies of Louis XIV would result in: four World Wars
Line of Demarcation: a line drawn by the pope to prevent Spain and Protugal from fighting over possessions (colonies)
Versailles: where Louis XIV built the palace to symbolize the greatness of France
Edict of Nantes: passed by Henry IV, gave religious and political freddom to the Hugenots
one result of Mongol rule on Russia: no Renaissance
First European nation to build an overseas empire: Portugal
The empire builder that was a "true colonizer": Spain
Catherine the Great took part in the partition of Poland with both of these nations: Prussia and Austria
The Alliance formed by William III which defeated Louis XIV in the War of the Spanish Succession: Grand Alliance
title taken by Russian rulers, meaning "Caesar": Tsar
Phase of the Seven years war fought in America: French and Indian War
Since they colonized the same areas, a potential for conflict existed between these two nations: France and England
Richeulieu's goal:: to make the king supreme in France, and France supreme in Europe

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Number of cards 192