APES Ch. 14
Terms
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- one third
- Aquaculture supplies _____ of the world's commercial fish harvest.
- sustainable agriculture
- Ecologists support the philosophy of _____.
- Great Plains
- Where does the major erosion of cropland occur in the US?
- commercial inorganic fertilizers
- A disadvantage of the green revolution is the intensive us of _____.
- narrow-spectrum
- A _____ pesticide would only kill the intended species.
- Traditional agriculture
- _____ is less productive but is practiced by almost half of the world's population.
- aquaculture
- Tuna, tilapia, clams, and carp are cultivated in _____.
- 23
- Approximately _____ organisms supply 90% of our food.
- Catfish
- _____ are the most energy efficient to produce, better than pigs, cattle, chicken and goats.
- 1985 Farm Act
- Established by the _____, a conservation reserve cannot be cut for hay, grazed, farmed, and farmers who violate their contracts must pay back all subsidies with interest.
- Marasmus
- _____ is a result of lack of calories and protein.
- Agriculture
- _____ can harm the land through soil erosion, salinization, and reduction in microorganism diversity.
- Water pollution
- _____ has a major environmental impact on livestock production.
- polyvarietal cultivation
- Out in the wheat fields in Kansas, you pant several varieties of wheat. You are practicing _____.
- Farmers
- _____ have little control over weather, crop pests, or the global market so the government gives them assistants.
- 1958 1962
- DDT was investigate by Rachel Carson between _____ and _____ and found to be harmful to wildlife and humans.
- Sustainable agriculture
- _____ is characterized by: A lack of requirements of massive amounts of fossil fuels, promoting polyculture, conserving and building topsoil, and a lack of use of many artificial chemicals.
- goiter
- Elemental idodine deficiency can cause _____, which can lead to deafness.
- China
- In the next quarter century, _____ is expected to be the world's leader in greenhouse gas emissions.
- high-yield
- The plants of the second green revolution are _____ varieties.
- monoculture
- Promoting _____ is not part of sustainable agriculture.
- malnutrition
- Immunization, better childcare and water sterilization, and encouraging breast-feeding could reduce _____ and associated infections.
- agriculture soil
- In most modern agriculture, replenishment of soil fertility, affects _____ resources least.
- rodenticide
- A _____ would be the specific type of pesticide used to kill a rat.
- pesticide
- Any substance intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any unwanted organism.
- Half
- _____ of the calories that humans consume come from a combination of potatoes, wheat, corn, and rice.
- 40
- About _____% of the world's agricultural lands have been degraded by erosion.
- Industrialized
- The type of agriculture used in developed countries.
- 5
- The tonnage of annual commercial fish catch from all sources has increased _____ times since 1950.
- food aid
- _____ can discourage receiving governments from investing in rural agricultural development.
- false
- True or False: China has focused on the sustainable use of resources to the detriment of economic growth.
- Strip cropping
- Planting crops in alternating rows of close-growing plants.
- Soil erosion
- _____ includes sheet, rill, and gully erosion.
- China
- The world leader in aquaculture.
- Anemia
- _____ can make it hared to find the energy to enjoy hobbies or other leisure activities, complete simple tasks at home or at work, and can lead to serious, life-threatening complications.
- trace elements
- Commercially available inorganic fertilizers lack _____.
- less
- Traditional subsistence farming techniques are _____ efficient than large-scale farming techniques.
- intercropping
- If you plant corn next to nitrogen-restoring alfalfa, you are practicing _____.
- Intercropping
- _____ involves several different crops on a plot of land.
- Construction sites
- _____ would be expected to have the most rapid erosion rates.
- Perennials
- _____ do not contribute as much to soil erosion and water pollution as do annuals crops.
- sustainable yield
- _____, in marine systems, is difficult to estimate because: harvesting one species' surplus may affect another species' food supply, pollution levels change, and counting aquatic populations isn't easy.
- Malnourished
- ______ individuals may become more prone to infections and eventually may develop a specific deficiency disease.
- air-water pollution
- The most harmful human-produced environmental impact is _____.
- interplanting
- Agroforestry, polyvarietal cultivation, intercropping, and polyculture are types of _____.
- sports fishermen
- In developed countries, aquaculture primarily benefits _____.
- 1940
- The use of fossil fuels, use of pesticides, use of inorganic fertilizers, and use of irrigation has doubled the food productivity in the USA since _____.
- fourfold
- In the last 50 years, global meat production increased by _____.
- 10
- A _____% decline in pesticide use between 1989 and 1997 contributed significantly to the slowing rate of per capita grain production since 1985.
- semi-arid irrigated
- Salinization is a worldwide problem, particularly serious in _____ areas with poor drainage.
- Soil pH
- _____ affects the nutrients that may or may not be available for native vegetation.
- 15
- Urban gardens provide _____% of the world's food.
- perennial crops
- Use of _____ would reduce: soil erosion, amount off water used, and amount of fossil fuel used.
- industrialized agriculture
- The US primarily uses _____ for food production.
- Overnutrition
- People who eat too many calories each day.
- inorganic fertilizers
- A problem with _____ is that they are quickly leached out by rain.
- moving water
- What is the cause of most soil erosion?
- Strip cropping
- _____ both reduces erosion and increases fertility.
- subsistence agriculture
- Shifting cultivation on small plots in tropical forests is a type of _____.
- riparian areas
- Sustainable management of rangelands would include allowing now or limited grazing on _____.
- Agriculture
- _____ has the largest total annual sales in the USA.
- 200-1000
- One inch of topsoil takes an average of _____-_____ years to form in tropical and temperate areas.
- erosion
- The greatest source of water pollution is sediment from _____.
- waterlogging
- Irrigation often results in _____.
- false
- True of False: US food production is the most efficient in the world.
- reduces
- Compared to conventional tillage, conservation tillage _____ fuel and tillage costs.
- 1, 5
- _____ in _____ people in developing countries are undernourished or malnourished.
- Irrigation
- ____ is least likely to conserve soil nutrients.
- Undernutrition
- _____ refers to people who eat less than the basic minimum number of daily calories.
- 75
- China depends upon coal for _____% of its energy.
- Agriculture
- _____ causes more pollution and environmental degradation than any other human activity.
- China
- Most of _____'s wastes are discharge untreated into rivers.
- desertification
- Irrigation, overgrazing, soil compaction, and surface mining can lead to _____.
- industrialized agriculture
- A single type of crop is generally grown in _____.
- food prices
- To prevent political unrest in the the cities many developing countries keep _____ low.
- EPA
- The ______ regulates the amount of pesticide residue that is acceptable on the food we eat.
- overgrazing
- The major goal of range management is maximizing livestock productivity without _____.
- Industrialized
- _____ agriculture requires large inputs of pesticides, fertilizers, water and fuel.
- National Resources Conservation Service
- The _____ provides technical assistance to both farmers and ranchers.
- decreases
- Conservation tillage _____ erosion.
- plantation
- Coffee, bananas, sugarcane, and cocoa are commonly grown in _____ agriculture.
- pesticides
- Genetically-modified foods may reduce the need to apply large amounts of _____.