A & P, CHAPTER 8

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WHAT ARE GENERAL SENSE ORGANS?: 1. OFTEN EXIST AS INDIVIDUAL CELLS OR RECEPTOR UNITS

2. WIDELY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE BODY.
WHAT ARE SPECIAL SENSE ORGANS?: 1. LARGE AND COMPLEX ORGANS

2. LOCALIZED GROUPING OF SPECIALIZED RECEPTORS
WHAT ARE THE GENERAL SENSES?: 1. PAIN
2. TOUCH
3. TEMPERATURE
4. PRESSURE
5. POSITION
AN ORGAN PRESENT ONLY DURING PREGNANCY THAT SECRETES HORMONES NEEDED FOR NORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE EMBRYO?: PLACENTA
THE HORMONE FROM THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY THAT CAUSES UTERINE CONTRACTION?: OXYTOCIN
THE MAIN HORMONE OF THE ADRENAL MEDULLA THAT, AMONG OTHER ACTIONS, RAISES BLOOD PRESSURE AND INCREASES THE HEART RATE?: EPINEPHRINE
THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONE THAT STIMULATES THE ADRENAL CORTEX?: ACTH
A FEMALE SEX HORMONE THAT MOST NEARLY PARALLELS MALE TESTOSTERONE IN ITS ACTION?: ESTROGEN
THE HORMONE FROM THE ADRENAL CORTEX THAT REGULATES THE REABSORPTION OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM IN THE KIDNEY TUBULES?: ALDOSTERONE
THE ORGAN THAT PRODUCES ERYTHROPOIETIN, A HORMONE THAT STIMULATES PRODUCTION OF RED BLOOD CELLS?: KIDNEY
A GONADOTROPIC HORMONE?: LUTEINIZING HORMONE
WHAT ARE THE LAYERS (TUNICS)(COATS) OF THE EYEBALL?: 1. SCLERA
2. CHOROID
3. RETINA
THE STRUCTURES THAT REFRACT LIGHT AS IT PASSES THROUGH THE EYE TO THE RETINA ARE:: 1. CORNEA
2. AQUEOUS HUMOR
3. LENS
4. VITREOUS HUMOR
AN ALTERNATE NAME FOR GROWTH HORMONE?: SOMATOTROPIN
THE HORMONE PRODUCED IN THE POSTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY THAT REGULATES WATER REABSORPTION OF THE KIDNEY?: ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE
DESCRIBE CONVERTING A STIMULUS INTO A SENSATION:: 1. ALL SENSE ORGANS HAVE COMMON FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS

2. ALL ARE ABLE TO DETECT A PARTICULAR STIMULUS

3. A STIMULUS IS CONVERTED INTO A NERVE IMPULSE

4. A NERVE IMPULSE IS PERCEIVED AS A SENSATION IN THE CNS
THE LARGEST OF THE ENDOCRINE GLANDS?: THYROID GLAND
A SUBSTANCE PRODUCED BY AN ENDOCRINE GLAND?: HORMONE
THE ENDOCRINE GLAND COMPOSED OF A CORTEX AND MUDULLA, EACH WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS?: ADRENOL GLAND
THE TINY GLANDS LOCATED BEHIND THE THYROID GLAND?: PARATHYROIDS
THE PART OF THE BRAIN THAT CONTROLS THE PITUITARY GLAND?: HYPOTHALAMUS (A REGION OF THE DIENCEPHALON OF THE BRAIN)
THE GROUPS OF HORMONE-SECRETING CELLS SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE PANCREAS?: ISLETS
THAT GLAND IN THE BRAIN THAT IS REGULATED BY LIGHT?: PINEAL GLAND
ANOTHER NAME FOR ADRENAL GLAND?: SUPRRENAL GLAND
THE SPECIFIC CELLS ON WHICH A HORMONE WORKS?: TARGET TISSUE
THE HORMONE PRODUCED BY THE THYROID GLAND THAT IS ACTIVE IN CALCIUM METABOLISM?: CALCITONIN
THE SELF REGULATING MECHANISM THAT CONTROLS HORMONE PRODUCTION?: NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
THE ENDOCRINE GLAND THAT IS DIVIDED INTO AN ANTERIOR AND A POSTERIOR LOBE?: PITUITARY GLAND
THE INNER PART OF THE ADRENAL GLAND?: MEDULLA
THE HORMONE PRODUCED BY THE PINEAL GLAND?: MELATONIN
THE HORMONE THAT IS THE MAIN REGULATOR OF HEAT AND ENERGY PRODUCTION IN THE BODY?: THYROXINE
A BUILDING BLOCK OF PROTEIN HORMONES?: AMINO ACID
A HORMONE THAT LOWERS THE LEVEL OF SUGAR IN THE BLOOD?: INSULIN
THE CHEMICAL ELEMENT THAT IS NEEDED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THYROXINE?: IODINE
A SECRETION THAT RAISES THE LEVEL OF CALCIUM IN THE BLOOD?: PARATHYROID HORMONE
THE COMMON NAME FOR EPINEPHRINE?: ADRENALINE
A SECRETION FROM THE HYPOTHALAMUS THAT STIMULATES ACTIVITY OF THE ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY?: RELEASING HORMONE
THE CHEMICAL CATEGORY THAT INCLUDES THE SEX HORMONES AND THE HORMONES OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX?: steroids
A HORMONE RELEASED BY THE ADRENAL CORTEX DURING STRESSFUL SITUATIONS THAT ACTS TO REDUCE INFLAMMATION?: CORTISOL
THE HORMONE THAT AIDS IN MATURATION OF THE T CELLS NEEDED FOR IMMUNITY?: THYMOSIN
THE HORMONE PRODUCED BY THE PANCREATIC ISLETS THAT RAISES BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS?: GLUCAGON
THE PART OF THE PITUITARY GLAND CONNECTED TO THE HYPOTHALAMUS BY A PORTAL SYSTEM?: ANTERIOR LOBE
THE ELEMENT REGULATED BY HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL, A HORMONE PRODUCED FROM VITAMIN D?: CALCIUM
WHAT ARE THE SPECIAL SENSES?: 1. VISION
2. HEARING
3. EQUILIBRIUM
4. TASTE
5. SMELL
*PITUITARY GLAND / ANTERIOR LOBE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) HAS THIS FUNCTION FOR MALES?: PRODUCES SPERM
*PITUITARY GLAND/ ANTERIOR LOBE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) HAS THIS FUNCTION IN FEMALES?: STIMULATES OVARIAN FOLLICLES TO MATURE AND PRODUCE ESTROGEN
*PITUITARY GLAND/ ANTERIOR LOBE GROWTH HORMONE OR SOMATOTROPIN HAS WHAT FUNCTION?: PROMOTES GROWTH OF ALL TISSUES
*PITUITARY GLAND/ ANTERIOR LOBE INTERSTITIAL CELL-STIMULATING HORMONE (ICSH) HAS WHAT FUNCTION?: FOR MALES ONLY, TESTOSTERONE SECRETION
*PITUITARY GLAND/ ANTERIOR LOBE PROLACTIN HAS THIS FUNCTION?: STIMULATES PRODUCTION OF MILK BY BREASTS
*PITUITARY GLAND/ ANTERIOR LOBE THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH) HAS THIS FUNCTION?: STIMULATES THYROID GLAND TO GROW AND PRODUCE THYROID HORMONE
*PITUITARY GLAND/ POSTERIOR LOBE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (ADH) HAS THIS FUNCTION?: PROMOTES WATER REABSORPTION FROM KIDNEYS TO THE BLOOD
*PITUITARY GLAND/ POSTERIOR LOBE OXYTOCIN HAS THIS FUNCTION?: 1. STIMULATES UTERINE CONTRACTIONS

2. STIMULATES RELEASE OF MILK FROM BREASTS
*PITUITARY GLAND/ANTERIOR LOBE LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH) HAS THIS FUNCTION?: OVULATION
*SENSE ORGANS PROTECTION OF THE EYEBALL: 1. CUSHION OF FAT THE EYE LIES ON
2. BODY ORBIT
3. EYELID & EYELASHES & THE BLINK REFLEX
4. TEARS (LACRIMAL GLANDS)
5. CONJUNCTIVA
6. SEBACEOUS GLANDS SECRETE OIL AND LUBRICATE
* PITUITARY GLAND / ANTERIOR LOBE ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH) HAS THIS FUNCTION?: STIMULATES ADRENAL CORTEX TO SECRETE ITS HORMONES
*THYROID GLAND/ NECK THYROXINE (T4) & TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3), WHAT IS THE FUNCTION?: INCREASES PRODUCTION OF ENERGY
WHAT ARE HORMONES?: CHEMICAL MESSENGERS SECRETED BY ENDOCRINE GLANDS
WHAT IS THE VESTIBULE?: THE AREA BETWEEN THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS AND THE COCHLEA
WHAT ARE LACRIMAL GLANDS?: ANOTHER NAME FOR TEAR GLANDS
THESE ARE LOCATED ON TOP OF EACH KIDNEY?: ADRENAL GLANDS
DUE TO IT'S MANY HORMONES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON OTHER ENDOCRINE GLANDS, THE PITUITARY GLAND IS CALLED THIS?: MASTER GLAND
THIS IS THE CONNECTING PIECE BETWEEN THE 2 LOBES OF THE THYROID GLAND?: ISTHMUS
THE HEARING RECEPTORS ARE FOUND IN THIS PART OF THE INNER EAR: COCHLEA
THESE NERVES CARRY THE IMPULSES FOR HEARING AND BALANCE TO THE BRAIN: ACOUSTIC NERVES
THESE BONES VIBRATE TO CARRY SOUND FROM THE OUTER EAR TO THE INNER EAR?: MALLEUS, INCUS AND STAPES
THE MOVEMENT OF FLUID IN AND OUT OF THESE EXCITE RECEPTORS FOR BALANCE?: SEMICIRCULAR CANALS
THESE ARE FOUND IN THE VESTIBULE?: CALCIUM STONES EMBEDDED IN A GELANTINOUS SUBSTANCE
THIS LAYER OF THE EYEBALL PREVENTS LIGHT FROM SCATTERING (KEEPS THE LIGHT INSIDE THE EYEBALL)?: CHOROID
LOSS OF THIS FROM THE POSTERIOR CHAMBER WILL CHANGE THE SHAPE OF THE EYEBALL AND DISTORT VISTION?: VITREOUS HUMOR
WHAT IS THE REFRACTIVE STRUCTURE THAT CHANGES THE BEND OF LIGHT?: LENS
THE NERVE IMPULSES MADE BY THE RODS AND CONES ARE CARRIED BY THE BRAIN BY THIS NERVE: OPTIC NERVES
THIS STRUCTURE ALLOWS LIGHT INTO THE EYE: CORNEA
THE POINT OF SHARPEST VISION ON THE RETINA IS THIS?: FOVEA CENTRALIS
THE TYPE OF MUSCLE FIBERS THAT CONSTRICT THE PUPIL WHEN THEY CONTRACT?: CIRCULAR
THE "WHITE" IN THE EYES?: SCLERA
AQUEOUS HUMOR IS FOUND HERE?: ANTERIOR CHAMBER
THE PIGMENTED MUSCLE OF THE EYE: IRIS
THE PART OF THE EAR THAT IS EXTERNAL: AURICLE OR PINNA
THE UNIQUE STRUCTURE OF THE INNER EAR INCLUDES THESE 2 FLUIDS?: PERILYMPH AND ENDOLYMPH
WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE EAR?: HEARING, BALANCE AND WEARING EARS
IT CONNECTS THE THROAT TO THE MIDDLE EAR?: EUSTACHIAN TUBE
THESE KEEP THE EXTERNAL AUDITORY CANAL MOIST?: CERUMINOUS GLANDS
THE 3 WAYS ENDOCRINE GLANDS ARE STIMULATED TO RELEASE THEIR HORMONES?: 1, NERVE 2, IMPULSE BY A HORMONE, 3, BY A NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
THIS MINOR ENDOCRINE GLAND IS IMPORTANT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM?: THYMUS GLAND
THIS IS FOUND IN THE DIP OF THE SPHENOID BONE?: PITUITARY GLAND
THIS MINERAL IS NEEDED TO PRODUCE THYROXINE?: IODINE
THESE MAKE THE BIG DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ENDOCRINE AND EXOCRINE GLANDS?: DUCTS
THE BREAKDOWN OF GLYCOGEN TO GLUCOSE?: GLYCOGENOLYSIS
THESE SUBSTANCES ARE IN A VARIETY OF TISSUES AND ACT LIKE HORMONES BUT DO THEIR FUNCTIONS LOCALLY?: PROSTAGLANDINS
THE INNER PART OF THE ADRENAL GLANDS?: ADRENAL MEDULLA
BETA AND ALPHA CELLS THAT PRODUCE HORMONES ARE FOUND HERE?: PANCREAS
OXYTOCIN IS SECRETED BY THIS GLAND?: POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
THESE 2 HORMONES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR KEEPING THE BLOOD GLUCOSE BETWEEN 80-120 MG PER 100 ML OF BLOOD?: GLUCOGON AND INSULIN
THIS HORMONE INCREASES WATER REABSORPTION FROM THE KIDNEY TO THE BLOOD?: ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES
THIS GROUP OF HORMONES WORK WHEN THE BODY IS UNDER STRESS IN ORDER TO KEEP PLENTY OF SUGAR AVAILABLE FOR ENERGY?: GLUCOCORTICOIDS
THESE 2 HORMONES HAVE THE OPPOSITE EFFECT ON CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE BLOOD?: CALCITONIN AND PARATHYROID HORMONES
THE AREA BETWEEN THE SEMICIRCULAR CANALS AND THE COCHLEA?: VESTIBULE
CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE OF STIMULI REQUIRED TO ACTIVATE RECEPTORS,: 1. PHOTORECEPTORS-LIGHT
2. CHEMORECEPTORS-CHEMICALS
3. PAIN RECEPTORS-INJURY
4. THERMORECEPTORS-TEMPERATURE CHANGE
5. MECHANORECEPTORS-MOVEMENT OR DEFORMING OF CAPSULE.
6. PROPRIOCEPTORS-POSITION OF BODY PARTS OR CHANGES IN MUSCLE LENGTH OR TENSION.

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A &amp; P, CHAPTER 8

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A & P, CHAPTER 8