Antepartum and Fetal Development
Terms
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- PRESUMPTIVE signs of labor
- amenorrhea N/V fatigue urinary frequency breast tenderness quickening
- PROBABLE signs of labor
- Chadwick\'s sign Godell\'s sign Hegar\'s Sign McDonald\'s Sign abdominal enlargement uterine souffle positive preg test ballottement
- POSITIVE signs of pregnancy
- detection of the fetal heartbeat visualization of the fetus
- Pregnancy - UTERUS
- enlarges; becomes an abdominal organ at about 12 weeks; Braxton Hicks contractions (throughout pregnancy)
- Pregnancy - cervix
- Glandular hypertrophy - formation of mucous plug (protective barrier); increased vascularity
- Ovaries - pregnancy
- stops producing ova but corpus luteum continues to produce hormones until about 6-8 weeks
- Pregnancy - Breasts
- hypertrophy of the mammary glands and Montgomery\'s follicles; increased pigmentation of nipples and areola, striae, colostrum.
- Pregnancy - Endocrine
- Thydrid - enlarges, increasing BMR; Pituitary enlarges, increases hormone secretion (LH, Prolactin, TSH), oxytocin; adrenals - cortisol increases and aldosterone; pancreas - increased insulin needs.
- Hormones of pregnancy
- hCG, hPL, estrogen, progesterone, relaxin: prostaglandins.
- Chadwick\'s Sign
- cervix turns bluish color; increased vascularity and blood flow; friable cervix (multip = touch and bleed)
- Gadelle\'s sign
- how soft the cervix is
- Hagar\'s sign
- soft isthmus (between cervix and fundus)
- McDonald\'s sign
- flexibility of cervix
- ballotment
- bounce up when touched
- uterine souffle
- picking up mother\'s pulse and not fetal (check mother when checking FHR)
- When detect FHR with fetoscope?
- 6-8 weeks
- When is it possible to detect the FHR with doppler?
- 10-17 weeks
- When FHR detectable with doppler (with most pregnancies)??
- 16 weeks
- GPTPAL
- Gravida Para Term Preterm Abortions Living
- Potassium
- 3.5-5
- Magnesium
- 1.6-2.6
- Calcium
- 8.6-10
- Sodium
- 135 - 150
- Phosphate
- 2.5-4.5
- Chloride
- 97-107
- infant bilirubin level
- 1-12 (norm <5)