General Concept of Chemistry
Terms
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- Anything that has mass and take up space
- Matter
- State that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another
- Law of Conservation
- The SI base unit used to measure the amount of a substance whose number of particles is the same as the number of atoms of carbon in exactly 12 gram of carbon-12
- Mole
- The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element
- Atom
- the smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom or two or more atom bonded together.
- Molecule
- a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number. Can not be broken down chemically
- Element
- A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
- Compound
- A measure of the amount of matter in an object; fundamental property of an object that is not affected by the forces that act on the object, such as the gravitational force
- Mass
- a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe
- Weight
- A property of matter that descrives a substance's ability to participate in chemical reactions
- Chemical Property
- A change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties
- Physical Property
- A change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties
- Chemical change
- the energy transferred b/w objects that are at different temperatures; energy is always transferred from higher-temperature objects to objects
- Heat
- A measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
- Temperature
- a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured
- Accuracy
- the exactness of a measurement
- Precision
- good conductor of heat and electricity, metallic luster, shiny, malleability, ductibility, most exist solid in room temperature
- Metal
- ability to form into different shapes by hammering
- Malleable
- ability to be drawn into "wire" form
- ductile
- have both non-metal and metal characteristic, is brittle, metallic luster and poor conductor
- Semi-Metal
- wide range of characteristics, poor conductor of heat
- Non-Metal
- the physical forms of matter, which are solid, liquid, gas
- States of Matter
- definite shape and volume, fixed atoms, regular geometric patter
- solid
- no definite shapes but definite volume
- liquid
- no definite shape or volume, random particle motion
- gas
- a sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties
- Pure Substance
- A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
- Mixture
- Describes something that has a uniform structure or composition throughout (pure mixed)
- Homogeneous
- composed of dissimilar componet (uneven mixed)
- Heterogeneous