notecards 1051-1100
Terms
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- The basic structural unit of an element
- Atom
- Atoms consist of three PRIMARY particles:
- Protons neutrons electrons
- Electrons are ______ charged atoms located where
- -negatively -outside the nucleus of an atom
- A _____ atom that has no electrical charge has the same number of protons and neutrons
- Neutral
- ____ move very rapidly in a relatively large volume of space, while _________ is small and dense
- -electrons -the nucleus
- the number of protons in the atom is the _____#
- Atomic #
- Sum of the number of protons and neutrons is the _____#
- Mass Number
- Mass number- number of protons=
- number of neutrons
- A C X Z
- A= mass number Z= atomic number x= symbol of atom C= charge of particle
- 11 B 5 p= n= e=
- p=5 n=6 e=5
- 55 Fe p= n= e= 26
- p=26 n=29 e=26
- an atom of the same element that has a different mass is called ______
- an isotope
- isotopes contain the same number of____ but different number of _______
- -protons -neutrons
- _____ is an average corrected by the relative amounts of each isotope present in nature
- weighted average
- electrically charged particles that result from a loss of one or more electrons by the parent atom are called _____
- Ions
- a _____ is a positively charged ion that results from the loss of electrons
- Cation
- ____ is a negatively charged atom that results form the gain of electrons
- anion
- The first experimentally based theory of atomic structure of the atom was_______
- Daltons atomic theory
- Electrons were the first subatomic particles to be discovered using the _______
- Cathode ray tube
- _____ were the next particles to be discovered by Goldstein
- protons
- Earnest Rutherfords __________ experiment led to the understanding of the nucleus
- Gold Foil
- absorption or emission of light by atoms
- spectroscopy
- ______ moves as a collection of sine waves
- light
- _____ is the distance between identical points on successive waves
- wavelength
- _______the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers
- periodic law
- a horizontal row of elementd in the periodic table. They conatin 2, 8,8,18,18,and 32 elements
- Period
- also called families are columns of elements in the periodic table
- Group
- _______In a particular Group or family share many similarities as in a human family
- Elements
- elements that tend to lose electrons during chemical change,forming positive ions
- Metals
- A substance whose atoms tend to gain electrons during chemical chance, forming negative ions
- nonmetals
- have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals
- metalloids
- Metals- - tend to ___ electrons during chemical change -elements found primarily in the ____ 2/3 of the periodic table
- -lose -left
- -properties of metals- -_____thermal and electrical condutivities -_____ malleability and ductibility -___at room temp
- -High -High -Solid
- Nonmetals- - a substance whose atoms ____electrons, forming negative ions - elements found in the ____1/3 of the periodic table
- -Gain -Right
- -Properties of nonmetals- -____ malleability -_____ solids or gasses -_____ of metal properties
- - NO - Powdery - opposite
- _____ is the numer of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
- Atomic number
- _____describes the arrangement of electrons in atoms
- Elecrton Configuration
- Outermost electrons are______. Which are involved in chemical bonding
- Valence electrons
- The number of Valence electrons is the group number for the _______ elements
- representative
- The _______ _____ gives the energy level (n) of the valence shell for all elements
- period number
- What is the total number of electrons in flourine?
- - atomic number= 9 -9 protons and 9neutrons