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Unit 1: Nature of Science and Biochemistry

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Carbohydrates: Uses? Building Blocks? Composition?
Uses for energy, breakdown of sugars, and structure. They are made of sugars and starches (glucose). They are made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Exothermic vs. Endothermic?
Exothermic releases energy (is hot), end up with less, and endothermic absorbs energy (is cold) and ends up with more.
Indepentent variable vs. Dependent variable?
Scientist controls the independent/manipulated, the dependent/responding responds to the experiment.
Lipids: Uses? Building Blocks? Composition?
Lipids are used for long term energy, in cell membranes, and as waterproof coverings. They are made of glycerol and fatty acids. They are made of carbon and hydrogen, and are considered unsaturated or polyunsaturated if there are any carbon to carbon do
Nucleic Acids: Uses? Building Blocks? Composition?
Nucleic acids are used to hold genetic information. They are made of nuceotides. They can be recognized by a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base. (C, H, O, N, P)
Poly- vs. Mono-?
Poly- are long chains of Mono-. Polymers are made of monomers, polysaccharides (starches) are made of monosaccharides(sugars).
Proteins Uses? Building Blocks? Composition?
Proteins are used for building bone and muscle, transport substances, hormones, and control reaction rates and cell processes. They are made of amino acids and can be recognized by an amino group, and carboxyl group(COOH). [CHON]
Qualitative vs. quantitative vs. infernece?
Qualitative - an observation made using the senses. Quantitative - an observation made with numbers or measurements. Inference - an assumption
What are the eight needs for life?
Made of cells, reproduce, based on a universal genetic code, grow and develop, obtain and use materials or energy, respond to their environment, maintain a stable internal environment, and change over time.
What is a catalyst/enzyme?
Something that speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy. Enzymes are in our bodies and work in only certain temperatures and pH levels. Without them certain reactions would never be able to take place. The enzyme-substate complex is the c
What is a control?
No variables are changed, and the rest of the experiment is compared to this.
What is activation energy?
The energy needed to start a reaction.
Write a hypothesis.
If catfood relates to muscle, then when bob eats catfood for a month, his muscle mass will double.

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