Chemical Reaction
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- chemical reaction
- process by which substances change to produce new substances w/ new chemical/physical properties
- precipitate
- solid that is produced as a result to a chemical reaction in solution
- What are the signs of a chemical reaction?
-
-precipitate formed
-gas formation
-color/odor change
-energy change [(gained/lost) light, thermal, electricity] - chemical bond
- force that holds two atoms in a molecule
- How do new substances form in a chemical reaction?
-
-bonds are broken
-atoms are rearranged
-new bonds are formed - chemical formula
- a combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance
- subscript
- number put below and to the right of a symbol
- What are the prefixes used in chemical names?
-
1 - mono
2 - di
3 - tri
4 - tetra
5 - penta
6 - hexa
7 - hepta
8 - octa
9 - nona
10 - deca - chemical equation
- a representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between reactants and products
- reactants
- starting materials in a chemcial reaction
- products
- substances formed from a chemical reaction
- law of conservation of mass
- law that states that mass can not be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical/physical changes
- coefficient
- number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula
- With what kind of molecule do you add prefixes to the first word?
- covalent compounds
- synthesis reaction
- a chemical reaction in which 2 or more substances combine to form a new coumpound
- decomposition reaction
- a chemical reaction in which a single compund is broken down to form 2 or more simpler substances
- single-displacement reaction
- a chemical reactionin which one element replaces another element in a compound
- double-displacement reaction
- a chemical reaction in which ions from 2 compounds exchange places
- Which element is displaced in a single-diplacement reaction?
- a less reactive element is displaced by a more reactive element in a compound
- exothermic reaction
- a chemical reaction in which energy is released
- endothermic reaction
- a chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed
- law of conservation of energy
- law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed
- In an exothermic reaction, where was the energy released originally stored?
- in the chemical bonds in the reactants
- In an endothermic reaction, where is the energy absorbed stored?
- in the chemical bonds in the products
- rate of a reaction
- speed at which new particles form
- activation energy
- the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
- Examples of activation energy
- friction (and match), light, spark of electricity
- what are some factors affecting rates of reactions?
-
-temperature (higher temps make particles accelerate and collide forcefully)
-concentration (high, more reactant particles in given volume)
-surface area (grinding to power increases amount of reactant being exposed to other reactant particles)
-inhibitor/catalyst - When is the only time a reaction can take place?
- if the particles of reactants collide
- inhibitor
- a substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction
- catalyst
- a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction wihtout being used up or changed