Chem Ch 12
Terms
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- MELTING
- The physical change of a solid to a liquid by the addition of heat.
- DEPOSITION
- The change of statee from a gas directly to a solid.
- FLUID
- A substance that can flow and therefore can take the shape of its container.
- TRIPLE POINT
- Indicates the temperature and pressure conditions at which the solid, liquid, and vapor of the substance can coexist at equilibrium.
- NONVOLATILE LIQUIDS
- Liquids that evaporate slowly, have relatively strong attractive forces between particles.
- UNIT CELL
- The smallest portion of a crystal lattice that shows the three-dimensional pattern of the entire lattice.
- EVAPORATION
- The process by which particles escape from the surface of a nonboiling liquid and enter the gas state.
- CRYSTALLINE SOLID
- A solid made up of crystals.
- CLOSED SYSTEM
- Matter cannot enter or leave, but energy can.
- EQUILIBRIUM
- Dynamic condition at which two opposing charges occur at equal rates in a closed system.
- CRITICAL PRESSURE
- The lowest pressure at which the substance can exist as a liquid at the critical temperature.
- BOILING POINT
- The temperature at which the equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.
- CRITICAL POINT
- Indicates the critical temperature and critical pressure of a substance.
- STRESS
- Typically a change in concentration, pressure, or temperature.
- CAPILLARY ACTION
- The attraction of the surface of the liquid to the surface of a solid.
- FREEZING (SOLIDIFICATION)
- The physical change of a liquid to a solid by removal of heat.
- PHASE DIAGRAM
- A graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist.
- CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
- The total three-dimensional arrangement of particles of crystals.
- LE CHÁTELIER'S PRINCIPLE
- When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by application of a stress, it attains a new equilibrium position that minimizes the stress.
- EQUILIBRIUM VAPOR PRESSURE
- The pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its corresponding liquid at a given temperature.
- CONDENSATION
- The process by which a gas changes to a liquid.
- AMORPHOUS SOLID
- A soild in which the particles are arranged randomly.
- VAPORIZATION
- The process by which a liquid or solid changes to a gas.
- FREEZING POINT
- The temperature at which the solid and liquid are in equilibrium at 1 atm, 760 torr, 101.3 kPa pressure.
- CRYSTAL LATTICE
- The arrangement of particles in the crystal that can be represented by a coordinate system.
- VOLATILE LIQUIDS
- Liquids that evaporate readily, have relatively weak attractive forces between particles.
- BOILING
- The conversion of a liquid to a vapor within the liquid as its surface.
- MOLAR HEAT OF FUSION
- The amount of heat energy required to melt one of solid at its melting point.
- MOLAR HEAT OF VAPORIZATION
- The amount of heat energy needed to vaporize one mole of liquid at its boiling point.
- SUBLIMATION
- The change of state from a solid directly to a gas.
- SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS
- A substance that remains certain liquid properties even at temperatures at which they appear to be solid
- OPEN SYSTEM
- Both matter and energy can escape or enter.
- SURFACE TENSION
- A force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquid's surface together, decreasing its surface area to the smallest size.
- MELTING POINT
- The temperature in which a solid becomes a liquid.
- PHASE
- Any part of a system that has uniform composition and properties.
- CRYSTAL
- A substance in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, geometric, repeating pattern.
- CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
- The temperature above which the substance cannot exist in the liquid state.