Chem 14D Final Part I
Terms
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- agonist
- a drug that has a strong affinity for a receptor and triggers the receptor when bound.
- antagonist
- a drug that has a strong affinity for a receptor and little or no intrinsic activity when bound.
- antimetabolite
- a drug that exerts its action against the normal metabolic processes of an organism, such as dna replication.
- drug
- a chemical introduced into a biological system that alters, inhibits, or supplements a biological process.
- enzyme
- a protein that performs chemical reactions, or assists in reactions, on other molecules
- inhibitor
- a drug that STOPS the functioning of an ENZYME or receptor.
- prodrug
- a substance that has no drug action until metabolizes.
- receptor
- a biological structure that, upon binding to substrate, releases a signal that starts a biological process.
- SAR
- structure-activity relationship
- suicide inhibitor
- a drug that inhibits a biological process by covalently bonding to an enzyme.
- transition state analog
- binds and blocks because it resembles transition state of reaction normally induced by enxyme, but is bound more strongly than natural substrate.
- sulfa drugs
- antiobiotics that inhibit enzyme necessary for folic acid synthesis (prevents bacterial growth).
- penicillins
- antibiotics that inhibit enzyme necessary for bacterial cell wall synthesis (suicide inhibitors).
- intercalation
- noncovalent insertion of drug molecule between dna base pairs. may lead to DNA damage or distorted structure.(ex: quinine)
- mutagen/carcinogen/teratogen
- causes dna mutations/causes cancer/causes fetal abnormalities