HSC101 Chap4&5
Terms
undefined, object
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- onychopathy
- any disease of the nails
- supine
- lying face up
- -therapy
- suffix meaning treatment
- signs
- objective, or definitive, evidence of an illness or disordered function (perceived by an examiner)
- nonspecific defense mechanisms
- barriers, complement (a protein), interferon (also a protein), phagocytes, inflammation
- ur/o
- cf meaning urine (or urinary tract)
- tomogram
- the record produced by computed tomography
- pyuria
- pus in the urine
- abdomin/o
- cf meaning abdomen
- hidradenoma
- tumor of a sweat gland
- omphalocele
- congenital herniation of the navel
- medi/o
- cf meaning middle or nearer the middle
- py/o
- cf meaning pus
- dist/o
- cf meaning far or distant from the origin or point of attachment
- sialography
- x-ray of the ducts of the salivary glands
- polyuria
- excessive urination
- thorac/o
- cf meaning chest (thorax)
- hematuria
- blood in the urine
- blephar/o
- cf meaning eyelid
- percussion
- examiner taps the body with the fingertips or fist to evaluate the size, borders, and consistency of internal organsand to determine the amount of fluid in a body cavity
- cardiovascular system
- delivers oxygen, nutrients, and vital substances throughout the body; transports cellular waste products to lungs and kidneys for excretion
- thoracotomy
- surgical incision in the thorax
- ompahlorrhexis
- rupture of the navel
- thrombosis
- presence of a thrombus
- nervous system
- coordinates the reception of stimuli; transmits messages to stimulate movement
- antigen
- a foreign substance that induces production of antibodies
- hemoglobin
- responsible for transporting oxygen, often decreased in anemia
- electr/o
- cf meaning sound
- lapar/o
- cf meaning abdominal wall
- echography
- method of imaging using sound waves (aka sonography, ultrasonography, or ultrasound)
- mucous
- the adjective of mucus
- onychomalacia
- softening of the nails
- radiograph
- an x-ray image, or an instrument used for recording such an image
- posterointernal
- toward the back and inner side
- algesi/o
- cf meaning sensitivity to pain
- recumbent
- lying down
- respiration rate
- number of breaths per minute
- cytotoxic
- poisonous to cells
- caud/o
- cf meaning toward the tail or in an inferior direction in human beings
- acrocyanosis
- a condition in which the arms and legs appear bluish
- hydr/o
- cf meaning water
- radiopaque
- substances that do not permit the passage of x-rays
- erythrocyte
- red blood cell (RBC)
- thoracocentesis, thoracentesis
- terms meaning surgical puncture of the chest wall for aspiration of fluids
- in the human, the belly side
- ventral
- pharmaceutical
- a medicinal drug
- mucolytic
- agents that break up or destroy mucus
- prone
- lying face down
- chronic
- existing over a long period of time (opposite of acute)
- pharmac/o
- cf meaning drugs or medicine
- onych/o
- cf meaning nail
- thoracodynia
- pain in the thorax
- crin/o
- cf meaning to secrete
- som/a, somat/o
- cfs meaning body
- lymphatic system
- helps maintain the internal fluid environment; produces some types of blood cells; regulates immunity
- super/o
- cf meaning uppermost or above
- onychomycosis
- disease of the nails caused by a fungus
- pulse
- the rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs as the heart beats (measured in bpm)
- symptoms
- subjective evidence as perceived by the patient
- pyogenic
- producing pus
- dors/o
- cf meaning directed toward or situated on the back side; same as posterior surface in humans
- redi/o
- cf meaning radiant energy
- intracellular
- within a cell
- lymph/o
- cf meaning lymph
- posteroanterior
- from back to front
- cephal/o
- cf meaning toward the head
- anteroposterior
- from front to back
- reproductive system
- facilitates procreation
- later/o
- cf meaning toward the side; denoting a position farther from the midline of the body or from a structure
- urinary system
- filters blood to remove wastes of cellular metabolism; maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance
- sial/o
- cf meaning saliva (or salivary glands)
- prognosis
- the predicted outcome of a disease
- blepharospasm
- twitching of the eyelid
- muc/o
- cf meaning mucus
- proxim/o
- cf meaning nearer the origin or point of attachment
- acr/o
- cf meaning extremities
- aplasia
- lack of development of an organ or tissue
- pelv/i
- cf meaning pelvis
- dactyl/o
- cf meaning digit (toe, finger, or both)
- ech/o
- cf meaning sound
- acute
- having a short and relatively severe course
- chem/o
- cf meaning chemical
- active artificial immunity
- receive a vaccination and produce memory cells (specific immunity)
- fluoroscope
- the instrument used to project x-rays onto a monitor
- cyst/o
- cf meaning cyst, bladder, or sac
- passive natural immunity
- receive maternal antibodies through placenta or breast milk (specific immunity)
- pronation
- rotation to prone position (eg palm down)
- lacrimal gland
- gland that produces tears
- blepharotmoy
- surgical incision of the eyelid
- hidradenitis
- inflammation of a sweat gland
- fluor/o
- cf meaning emitting or reflecting light
- passive artificial immunity
- receive antiserum with antibodies from another host (specific immunity)
- abdominothoracic
- pertaining to the abdomen and the thorax
- narcotic
- a substance that produces insensibility or stupor
- plast/o
- cf meaning repair
- laparoscope
- an instrument inserted into the peritoneal cavity to inspect it
- anter/o
- cf meaning nearer to or toward the front; ventral
- dysplasia
- abnormal development of a tissue or organ
- invasive carcinoma
- a malignant tumor that infiltrates and destroys surrounding tissues and may spread
- blepharoptosis
- prolapse or sagging of an eyelid
- hydrocephalus
- a condition characterized by an accumulation of abnormal amounts of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- fluoroscopy
- a method of viewing the x-ray image directly in real time so that motion can be seen
- laparoscopy
- examination of the interior of the abdomen by means of a laparoscope
- dacryolith
- also called tear stones
- -emia
- suffix meaning a condition of the blood
- digestive system
- provides the body with water, nutrients, and minerals; removes slid wastes
- leukocyte
- white blood cell (WBC)
- ventr/o
- cf meaning belly side; same as anterior surface in human beings
- diagnosis
- the identification of a disease or condition by a scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, tests, and procedures.
- mid-
- prefix meaning middle
- antibiotics
- antimicrobial agents used to treat infections
- paracentesis
- a surgical procedure to remove excess fluids from the abdominal cavity or to inject a therapeutic agent
- infer/o
- cf meaning lowermost or below
- son/o
- cf meaning sound
- remission
- the disappearance of the characteristics of a malignant tissue (may be spontaneous or the result of therapy)
- PET
- positron emission tomography; combines tomography and radioactive substances to produce enhanced images of selected body structures (especially the heart, blood vessels, and the brain)
- therapeut/o
- cf meaning treatment
- anuria
- without urine (production of <100 mL in 24 hrs)
- hem/o, hemat/o
- cfs meaning blood
- lacrimation
- producing tears
- dorsoventral
- passing from the back to the belly surface
- tom/o
- cf meaning to cut
- tox/o
- cf meaning poison
- -poiesis
- suffix meaning production
- onychectomy
- surgical removal of the nails (eg a house cat)
- -poietin
- suffix meaning substance that causes production
- OTC
- over the counter (doesn't require a physician's prescription)
- active neutral immunity
- contract disease and develop antibodies (specific immunity)
- antimicrobial
- an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of microbes
- anticoagulant
- an agent that inhibits blood clotting
- MRI
- magnetic resonance imaging
- radiography
- method of imaging using x-rays to produce film images of internal structures
- pharmacotherapy
- the treatment of disease with drugs or medicine
- analgesic
- a drug that relieves pain
- muscular system
- makes movement possible
- endocrine system
- secretes hormones and helps regulate body activities
- hidrosis
- the production and secretion of sweat or perspiration
- diaphoresis
- excessive sweating (hidrosis is also used with this meaning)
- acrodermatitis
- dermatitis (skin inflammation) of the extremities
- computed tomography
- uses ionizing radiation to produce detailed a image of a cross section of tissue
- auscultation
- the examiner listens for sounds within the body to evaluate the heart, blood vessels, lungs, intestines, or other organs, or to detect the fetal heart sound
- carcinoma
- a malignant tumor
- radiolucent
- substances that readily permit the passage of x-rays
- skeletal system
- provides protection, form and shape for the body, stores minerals and forms some blood cells
- respiratory system
- brings oxygen into the body and removes CO2 and some water waste
- susceptible
- lacking resistance to a disease
- poster/o
- cf meaning nearer to or toward the back; dorsal
- omphalorrhagia
- umbilical hemorrhage
- integumentary system
- provides external covering for protection; regulates the body temperature and water content
- posteroexternal
- toward the back and outer side
- anteromedian
- front and toward the middle
- -crine
- suffix meaning to secrete
- palpation
- examiner feels the textures, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts with the hands
- periton/o
- cf meaning peritoneum
- chemotherapy
- treatment of disease by chemical agents
- dacry/o, lacrim/o
- cfs meaning tearing, crying, or tears
- hyperplasia
- abnormal increase in the number of normal cells
- hidr/o
- cf meaning sweat or perspiration
- supination
- rotation to supine position (eg palm up)
- hematoma
- a localized collection of blood (usually clotted)
- hematology
- the study of blood and the blood-forming tissues
- telecardiogram
- tracing of the electrical impulses of the heart recorded by a machine distant from the patient
- posteromedian
- situated in the middle of the back
- neoplasm
- a growth of tissue (a tumor) that is either benign or malignant
- omphal/o
- cf meaning umbilicus
- ambulant
- able to walk