BIO I SEMESTER EXAM
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- Hypothesis may arise from
- all of the above
- A theory
- may be revised or replaced
- Which of the following characteristics of living things best explains why birds fly south?
- Living things respond to their environment
- Cell specialization in multicellular organisms allow cells to
- perform dif functions
- What is the term for a group of organisms of one type living in the same place
- population
- Because you may come in contact with organisms you cannot see, what safety pro must be followd
- WASH UR HANDS
- Whcih of the following is a characteritic of all living things
- ALL of the above
- Living things
- ALL of the above
- All living things maintain a balance within their cells and the environment through the process of
- homeostasis
- THe process by which organisms make more of their own kind is called
- reproduction
- Cystic fibrosis and dystrophy are examples of
- genetic disorders
- A hypothesis that is not supported is
- rejected
- The theme that reflects the idea that there has been a gradual change in the characteristics of species over time is
- evolution
- Living things adjust to a stimulus by a reaction called
- response
- Living things change during their lives through
- growth and development
- Key to biology is learning
- life around us
- Living things do not adapt to their surroundings by
- building on previous knowledge
- The information gathered from experiments is
- the conclusion
- THe part of an experiment in which all conditions are kept the same is the
- control.
- A testable explanation for a question or problem is a
- hypothesis
- An experiment is
- test of a hypothesis
- WHcih is a use of radioactive isotopes
- ALL
- ice floats on water because
- water expands when it freezes
- when salt is dissolved inwater water is the
- solvent
- Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things
- carbohydrates
- which is NOT a function of proteins
- store and transmit heredity
- In chemical reactions atoms
- are rearranged
- What is used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started
- activation energy
- Which of the following is a form of energy that may be released during chem reac
- ALL
- Which is tru about catalysts
- Catalysts lower the activation energy
- Sharing of electrons in the outer energy levels
- occurs in covalent bonds
- Water is a polar molecule because
- diff paits of the molecule have slightly diff charges
- All organic compounds contain the element
- CARBON
- animals store glucose in the form of
- glycogen
- The two strands of DNA molecule are held together by
- hydrogen bonds
- A molefule shaped like a spiral
- DNA
- ATP stores energy for cells to use in the bonds between its
- phosphates
- Which of the following conditions affects enzymes
- all of the above
- The size to which a cell can gros is limisted by
- surface area
- Only eukaryotic cells have
- membrane bound organelles
- The structure that regulates what enters and leaves the cell is the
- cell membrane
- The packaging and dist center of the cell is the
- Golgi apparatus
- A cell that requires alot of energy might contain large numbers of
- mitochondria
- As a result of diffusion the concentration of many types of substances
- eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane
- SUgar molecules can enter cells through the proces of
- facilatated diffusion
- Unlike passive transporte active trans
- requires energy
- Molecules that are 2 large to move through the membrane
- endocytosis
- Ridding cell of materials by discharge is
- exocytosis
- Energy flows from the sun throught the living world when
- ALL
- Heteroptrophs get energy from
- ALL
- WHen cells break down food moecules energy is
- temporarily store in ATP
- The process of cellular resp
- breaks down food molecules`
- CEllular respiration takes place in the two stages of
- glycolysis then aerobic respiration
- An imp example of electron accepts that functions in glycolus is
- Nad+
- The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is
- oxygen
- Water is end product in
- electron transport chain
- WHish is NOT formed during Krebs cycel
- NADPH
- Binary fission
- is the process by which bacteria reproduce
- The chromosomes of a bacterium
- has a circular shape
- The point at which two chromatids are attached
- centromere
- Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chormosomes containg genes that code for
- the same traits
- The diploid number of chomosomes in a human skin cell is 46 number of chromosomes found in human ovum is
- 23
- A diploid cell is one that
- all of the aboce
- trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell havin an extra
- chromosome
- Water dissolves many ionic and molecular compounds because of its
- polarity
- The various enzymes in our bodies are
- proteins
- A very strong base has
- 13
- Unlike carbs and fats, proteins contains
- nitrogen
- Diffusion continues until ther is no
- dynamic equilibrium
- the cell theory applies to
- all of the above
- Whcih is a prokaryote
- bacteria
- Which explains why nucleus is imp to cells
- the nucleus contains coded instuctions for making proteins
- Which organelles halp provide cells with energy
- mitochondria and chloroplasts
- you will not find a cell wall in
- animals
- The cell membrane contains channels and ppumps made of
- proteins
- an organ system is a group of organs that
- work together to perform a specific functions
- All livin things are made of
- Plants
- If a cell contains a nucleus it must be a
- eukaryote
- IN a chloroplast the stacks of membranous sacs are called
- stroma
- a cells contents would be the same as its surrounds were it not for the
- selective permeability
- The exchange of segements of DNA
- ensures variations never occur
- budding is an example of
- asexual reproductionq
- The simpliest primitic method of reproducition is
- assexual
- which is an autotroph
- tree
- gas off a plant
- oxygen
- in photosytnethsis six molecules of CO result in sic molecuels of
- OXYGEN
- Whcih is false?????????
- stroma contains thylakoid
- Where do light depen reactions take place
- within thylakoid mambranes
- Which is inside thylakoid membrane
- photosystem I
- What is product of CALVIN cycl
- high energy sugars
- a gene is a segment of DNA that controls the production of
- proteins
- Unlike plant cells animal cells contain
- centrioles
- a chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber by the
- centromere
- the phenotype of an organism
- is the physical appearance
- a genetic trait that apppears in every generation of offspring is called
- dominant
- what is the Xpected genotype ratio froma hetrozygous X homozygous monhybrid cross
- 1:2:1
- the unknown genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype can be determined usin
- a test cross
- if a characteristic is sexlinked it
- occurs mostly in males
- a diagram whch several gernerations are shown is
- pedigree
- what would the blood type be of someone who inherited an A allele from one parenand an O allele from the other
- type A
- whcih of the follosing is released during cellular resliration
- energy
- what is the corerect equation for cellular respiration
- 6O2+ c6H1206 > 6CO2 +6H2O plus energy
- whcih takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell
- glycolysis
- Glycolysis provides cell with a net gain of
- 2 ATP
- Glycolysis requires
- an energy input
- which is NOt a product of glycolysis
- glucose
- which acts as the ELECTRON carrier in cellular resp
- NAD +
- cellular resp is called aerobic because
- oxygen
- krebs cycle starts wih
- pyruvic acid and yields CO
- electron transport chain can be found in
- all of the above
- each pair of high energy electrons that moves down the ETC provides energy to
- convert three ADP to 3 ATP
- a nucleotide consists of
- sugar phosphate nitrogen base
- whch are purines and which are pyrimadines
- adenine, guanine; thymines cytosine
- the amount of guanine ALWAYS equals the amount of
- cytosine
- the attachment of nucleotides to form a complementary strand of DNA
- is accpmlised by DNA polymerase
- enzymes that unwind DNA
- DNA helicases
- the main energy trapping molecule in plants is
- chlorophyll
- FINAl electron acceptor in ETC Is
- H20
- which represents photosynthe
- 6CO2+6H20> C6H1206 + 602
- cells store energy when
- a 3rd phosphate group is bonded to an ATP molecule
- the energy in glucose cannot be rleased by
- BUrning
- ADENINE is complemtary to
- thymine
- function of rRNA is to
- form ribosomes
- during transcription
- RNA is produced
- during transcription the genetic info for making a protein is rewritten as a molecule of
- messenger RNA
- transciption proceeds when RNA polymerase
- attacehes to a promoter molecule
- transcription is the process by which genetic info encoded in DNA is transferred to a
- RNA molecule
- each nucleotide trupled in m RNA that specifies a particular amino acide is called a
- codon
- transfer RNA
- carries amino acid to its correct codon
- during translation the amino acid detaches from the transfer RNA molecule and attaches to the end of a growin protein chain when
- the transfer RNA anticodon binds to the messenger RNA codon
- the portions of DNA molecules that acually code for the production of proteins are called
- exons
- the non codeing portions of DNA that are separated from the portions of DNA actually used during transcription are called
- introns
- crossin over results in
- genetic recombination
- a useful device for predictint he possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes is the
- Punnett square
- cells containing two allesles for each trait are described as
- homozygous
- genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control diff forms of a trait . these alternate forms of a gene are called
- alleles
- variation of human skin color is
- incomplete dominance
- if an organisms dipoid number is 12 its haploid numbe is
- 6
- gametes have
- two sets of chromosomes
- which is found in both DNA and RNA
- ribose phosphate groups and adenine
- which is copied from DNA
- m RNA
- during tranlation the type of amino that is added to the growing polpupeptide depends on the
- codon on the mrna and the antiocodon to which it is attached
- genes contain instructions for assembling
- proteins
- which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code
- mRNA
- eye color is
- polygenic inheritance
- royal hemophilia is
- sexlinked
- human gentic disorders are caused by
- recessive alleles
- a human genetic disorder caused by a dominant gene is
- huntingtons disease
- which can be observed in a karyotype
- change in DNA base
- nondisjunctin can involve
- all of the above
- molecules of ____ insede cellse encode info to direct growth
- DNA
- chang in inherited ___ over time is evolution
- traits
- all cells have th esame basic
- structure
- the sum of all chemical reactions carried out in an orgainsim is
- metabolism
- the energy used by living organisms originates from the
- sun
- to function properly all living thins maintain
- homeostasis
- all isoptopes of an element have the same __ prop
- chemical
- name of enzyme ends in
- -ase
- the third stage of photsynthesies in whcih carbs are produced is caled ______ _____ fixation
- carbon dioxide
- during the first stage of cellular respiration glucose is converted to
- pyruvate
- because oxygen is the final eectron acceptor tat the end of the electron transport, if oxygen were absent no ___ would be made
- ATP
- a ______- is a segment of DNA moecule that carries the instructions for producitna a specitfic trait
- gene
- chromosomes not involved in sex determination
- autosomes
- somatic cells containtn two sets of 23 chromosomes are always
- diploid
- mutation in which a piece of a chromosome is lost during meiosis is called
- deletion
- when a piec of chormosome attaches itself to a nohomologous chromosome the resulting mutaition is called
- translocation
- cell stufture that contain digestice enzumes are
- lysosomes
- breakdown of molecules inorder to release energy occures in the
- mitochondria
- membrane proteitn called ___ ________ allow H+ ions to pass throught they thylakoid membrane
- ATP synthase
- the electrons that chlorophyll losese to the electon transport chain are repelnisehd by _________ moleucules
- water
- the body gets rid of lactic acid in a chemical pathway that requires
- oxygen
- the seiries of reactions that synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is known as the
- calvin cycle
- mRNA is produced during
- translation
- during translation, amino acids are brought to the ribosomes by molecules of
- transfer RNA
- nuceotide sequences of tRNA that are complementary to codons on m RNA are claled
- anticodons
- the sequence of 3 nucleotides that code for specific amino acids or stop signals int eh synthesis of protien is called a
- codon
- the info contained in a molecule of m RNA is used to make protein during the process of
- transcription