Chem-Chap 7
Chemistry Chapter 7 Vocabulary
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- hydrated ion
- an ion in solution that is surrounded by water molecules
- molarity (M)
- solution concentration expressed in terms of the number of moles of solute contained in a liter of solution
- solution
- homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the components are present as atoms, molecules or ions
- solute
- one or more substances present in a solution in amounts less than that of the solvent
- dispersed phase
- substance present in a colloidal dispersion in amounts less than the amount of dispersing medium
- percent
- solution concentration that expresses the amount of solute in 100 parts of solution
- weight/volume percent
- concentration that exresses the grams of solute contained in 100 mL of solution
- immiscible
- term used to describe liquids that are insoluble in each other
- Tyndall Effect
- property of colloids where the path of a beam of light through the colloid is visible beacuse the light is scattered
- insoluble substance
- substance that does not dissolve to a significant extent in a solvent
- saturated solution
- solution that contains the max amount possible of dissolved solute in a stable situation under the prevailing conditions of temperature and pressure
- volume/volume percent
- concentration that expresses the volume of soltue contained in 100 volumes of solution
- dispersing medium
- substance present in a colloidal dispersion in the largest amount
- colligative property
- solution property that depends only on the concentration of solute particles in solution
- osmolarity
- product of n and M in the equation (pie)=nMRT
- nonelectrolyte
- solute when dissolved in water forms a solution that does not conduct electricity
- supersaturated solution
- unstable solution that contains an amount of solute greater than the solute solubilit under the prevailing conditions of temperature and pressure
- dislyzing membrane
- semipermeable mebrane with pores large enough to allow solvent molecules, other small molecules and hydrated ions to pass through
- soluble substance
- substance that dissolves to a significant extent in a solvent
- osmosis
- process where solvent flows through a semipermeable membrane into a solution
- colloid
- homogeneous mixture of two or more substnaces where the dispersed substances are present as larger particles than are found in solutions
- osmotic pressure
- hydrostatic pressure required to prevent the net flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane into a solution
- solubility
- max amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent under specific conditions of temperature and pressure
- concentration
- relationship between the amount of solute and the specific amount of solution in which it is contained
- emulsifying agent (stabalizing agent)
- substance that when added to colloids prevents them from coalescing and settling
- dissolving
- term used to describe the process of solution formation when one or more solutes are dispersed in a solvent to form a homogeneous mixture
- solvent
- substance present in a solution in the largest amount
- weight/weight percent
- concentration that expresses the mass of solute contained in 100 mass units of solution
- electrolyte
- solute that when dissolved in water forms a solution that conducts electricity
- dialysis
- process where solvent molecules, other small molecules and hydrated ions pass from a solution through a membrane