chemistry Equations 2

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Sodium metal is added to water.: Na + H2O

Na+ + OH- + H2
Dilute sulfuric acid is added to a solution of lithium hydrogen carbonate.: H+ + HCO3-

H2O + CO2 (Part credit for H2CO3)
Ethanol and formic acid (methanoic acid) are mixed and warmed.: C2H5OH + HCOOH

HCOOC2H5 + H2O
Excess concentrated potassium hydroxide solution is added to a precipitate of zinc hydroxide.: OH-+ Zn(OH)2

Zn(OH)42- (or Zn(OH)3- or ZnO22- + H2O)
The gases boron trifluoride and ammonia are mixed.: BF3 + NH3

BF3NH3
A solution of tin(II) chloride is added to a solution of iron(III) sulfate.: Sn2+ + Fe3+

Sn4+ + Fe2+
Phosphorus(V) oxytrichloride is added to water.: POCl3 + H2O

H3PO4 + H+ + Cl-
An acidified solution of sodium permanganate is added to a solution of sodium sulfite.: MnO4- + SO32- + H+

Mn2+ + SO42- + H2O

HSO3- and HSO4- were accepted.

(Part credit if H+ and H2O were omitted)
A piece of lithium metal is dropped into a container of nitrogen gas.: Li + N2 Li3N
Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of potassium sulfite.: H+ + SO32-

HSO3- (or H2SO3 or SO2 + H2O)
Solid sodium oxide is added to water.: Na2O + H2O

Na+ + OH-
A solution of sodium sulfide is added to a solution of zinc nitrate.: Zn2+ + S2- ZnS

(or Zn2+ + HS-

ZnS + H+)
A solution of ammonia is added to a dilute solution of acetic acid.: NH3 + HC2H3O2

NH4+ + C2H3O2-
A piece of iron is added to a solution of iron(III) sulfate.: Fe3+ + Fe

Fe2+
Ethene (ethylene) gas is bubbled through a solution of bromine.: C2H4 + Br2

C2H4Br2
Chlorine gas is bubbled into a solution of potassium iodide.: Cl2 + I-

I2 + Cl-
Solid calcium is added to warm water.: Ca + H2O

Ca(OH)2 + H2

Ca2+ + OH- earns one point
Powdered magnesium oxide is added to a container of carbon dioxide gas.: MgO + CO2

gCO3
Gaseous hydrogen sulfide is bubbled through a solution of nickel(II) nitrate.: H2S + Ni2+

NiS + H+
Excess concentrated sodium hydroxide solution is added to solid aluminum hydroxide.: OH- + Al(OH)3

Al(OH)4-

other acceptable answers: Al(OH)63-, AlO2-, Al(OH)4(H2O)2-
Solid silver is added to a dilute nitric acid (6M) solution.: Ag + H+ + NO3-

Ag+ + NO (or NO2) + H2O

1 product = 1 pt, 2 products = 1 pt, 3 products = 2 pts
Excess potassium hydroxide solution is added to a solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.: OH- + H2PO4-

PO43- + H2O
Hydrogen peroxide solution is added to a solution of iron(II) sulfate.: H2O2 + Fe2+

Fe3+ + H2O

Fe(OH)3 only as a product earns one point (Note: the scoring standard on this question has a two next to the formula, but in context of below, a one seems more appropriate)
Propanol is burned completely in air.: C3H7OH + O2

CO2 + H2O
A solution of potassium iodide is added to an acidified solution of potassium dichromate.: H+ (or H3O+) + I- + Cr2O72-

I2 + Cr3+ H2O

(Any reasonable I- oxidation product accepted.)
A solution of sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of ammonium chloride.: OH- + NH4+

H2O + NH3 (or NH4OH)
A strip of magnesium is added to a solution of silver nitrate.: Mg + Ag+

Mg2+ + Ag
Solid potassium chlorate is heated in the presence of manganese dioxide as a catalyst.: KClO3

KCl + O2

(MnO2 is also shown over the reaction arrow in the original.)
Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of potassium carbonate.: H+ + CO32-

CO2 + H2O (or H2CO3 or HCO3-)
Sulfur trioxide gas is added to excess water.: SO3 + H2O

H+ + HSO4- (or H+ + SO42-)
Dilute sulfuric acid is added to a solution of barium chloride.: Ba2+ + SO42-

BaSO4

(or Ba2+ + HSO4- BaSO4 + H+)
A concentrated solution of ammonia is added to a solution of copper(II) chloride.: Cu2+ + NH3

Cu(NH3)42+

(Partial credit for other logical Cu(II) ammonia complexes and for Cu(OH)2)
Solutions of zinc sulfate and sodium phosphate are mixed.: Zn2+ + PO43-

Zn3(PO4)2
Solutions of silver nitrate and lithium bromide are mixed.: Ag+ + Br-

AgBr
A stream of chlorine gas is passed through a solution of cold, dilute sodium hydroxide.: Cl2 + OH-

OCl- + Cl¯ + H2O
Excess hydrochloric acid solution is added to a solution of potassium sulfite.: H+ + SO32-

H2O + SO2 (or H2SO3)
A solution of tin(II) chloride is added to an acidified solution of potassium permanganate.: Sn2+ + H+ + MnO4-

Sn4+ + Mn2+ + H2O
A solution of ammonium thiocyanate is added to a solution of iron(III) chloride.: Fe3+ + SCN-

Fe(SCN)2+ (or Fe(SCN)63-)
Samples of boron trichloride gas and ammonia gas are mixed.: BCl3 + NH3

Cl3BNH3
Carbon disulfide vapor is burned in excess oxygen.: CS2 + O2

CO2 + SO2 (or SO3)
Solutions of sodium iodide and lead nitrate are mixed.: Pb2+ + 2I-

PbI2
A solution of ammonia is added to a solution of ferric chloride.: Fe3+ + NH3 + H2O

Fe(OH)3 + NH4+ (NH4OH is OK in place of NH3 + H2O)

Fe2+ + others above Fe(OH)2 + NH4+ (given two points)
A solution of hydrogen peroxide is heated.: H2O2

H2O + O
Solutions of silver nitrate and sodium chromate are mixed.: Ag+ + CrO42-

g2CrO4
Hydrogen sulfide gas is bubbled through a solution of potassium hydroxide.: H2S + OH-

S2- (or HS¯) + H2O
Solid dinitrogen pentoxide is added to water.: N2O5 + H2O

H+ + NO3- (HNO3 = one point)
A piece of solid bismuth is heated: Bi + O2

Bi2O3 (Bi2O5 = one point)
A strip of copper metal is added to a concentrated solution of sulfuric acid.: Cu + H+ + HSO4- (or SO42-)

Cu2+ + SO2 + H2O (any two products is given one point; all three must be there for 3 points; omitting H+ and/or H2O is minus one point)
Solid aluminum oxide is added to a solution of sodium hydroxide.: Al2O3 + OH-

Al(OH)4-

OR

Al2O3 + H2O Al(OH)3
Solid calcium oxide is heated in the presence of sulfur trioxide gas.: CaO + SO3

CaSO4
Equal volumes of 0.1-molar sulfuric acid and 0.1-molar potassium hydroxide are mixed.: H+ + OH-

H2O
Calcium metal is heated strongly in nitrogen gas.: Ca + N2

Ca3N2
Solid copper(II) sulfide is heated strongly in oxygen gas.: CuS + O2

Cu + SO2 (also CuO, Cu2O)
A concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid is added to powdered manganese dioxide and gently heated.: H+ + Cl- + MnO2

Mn2+ + Cl2 + H2O (one pt. for either redox product, two pts. for all three products)
A concentrated solution of ammonia is added to a solution of zinc iodide.: Zn2+ + NH3

Zn(NH3)42+

OR

Zn2+ + NH3 + H2O Zn(OH)2 + NH4+
A solution of copper(II) sulfate is added to a solution of barium hydroxide.: Cu2+ + SO42- + Ba2+ + OH-

Cu(OH)2 + BaSO4

A rare double precipitation. Partial credit was allowed for some alternate solutions, e.g.
An excess of sodium hydroxide solution is added to a solution of magnesium nitrate.: Mg2+ + 2 OH-

Mg(OH)2
Solid lithium hydride is added to water.: LiH + H2O

Li+ + OH- + H2

OH- or H2 earns one point, all three for two points.
Solutions of ammonia and hydrofluoric acid are mixed.: NH3 + HF

NH4+ + F-

NH3 + H+ NH4+ earns two points
A piece of aluminum metal is added to a solution of silver nitrate.: Al + Ag+

Al3+ + Ag
A solution of potassium iodide is electrolyzed.: I- + H2O

I2 + H2 + OH-

I2 or H2 (one point); all three products for two points
Solid potassium oxide is added to water.: K2O + H2O

K+ + OH-

KOH product alone is one point.
An excess of nitric acid solution is added to a solution of tetraaminecopper(II) sulfate.: H+ + Cu(NH3)42+

Cu2+ + NH4+
Carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through water containing a suspension of calcium carbonate.: CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O

Ca2+ + HCO3-
A strip of copper is immersed in dilute nitric acid.: Cu + H+ + NO3-

Cu2+ + NO + H2O (1 pt for either Cu2+ or NO; NO2 also accepted; 2 pts for all three.)
Potassium permanganate solution is added to an acidic solution of hydrogen peroxide.: MnO4- + H2O2

Mn2+ + O2 + H2O (1 pt for either Mn2+ or O2; 2 pts for all three)
Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added to an acidic solution of hydrogen peroxide.: H+ + MnS

H2S + Mn2+
Excess chlorine has is passed over hot iron filings.: Fe + Cl2

FeCl3
Water is added to a sample of solid magnesium nitride.: Mg3N2 + H2O

Mg(OH)2 + NH3 (Mg2+ + OH- also accepted)
Excess sulfur dioxide gas is bubbled through a dilute solution of potassium hydroxide.: SO2 + OH-

HSO3-
Excess concentrated ammonia solution is added to a suspension of silver chloride.: AgCl + NH3

Ag(NH3)2+ + Cl- (other coordination numbers also accepted)
Solutions of tri-potassium phosphate and zinc nitrate are mixed.: Zn2+ + PO43-

Zn3(PO4)2
Excess sodium cyanide solution is added to a solution of silver nitrate.: CN- + Ag+

Ag(CN)2-

Note: any complex ion of Ag+ with cyanide with consistent charge earns 3 points; AgCN given as product earns one product point.
Solutions of manganese(II) sulfate and ammonium sulfide are mixed.: Mn2+ + S2-

MnS

Note: If Mg is used instead of Mn, maximum possible score is two points.
Phosphorous(V) oxide powder is sprinkled over distilled water.: P4O10 (or P2O5) + H2O

H3PO4

Note: Acidic species (H+ or oxyacid of phosphorous) earns one product point; P in +5 oxidation state in oxyanion earns one product point; anions of oxyacids of phosphorous require H+ for full credit for products.
Solid ammonium carbonate is heated.: (NH4)2CO3

NH3 + H2O + CO2

Note: any one product earns one point; all three earn two points. NH4OH + CO2 earns one product point. NH3 + H2CO3 eans one product point.
Carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide.: CO2 + OH-

HCO3-

Note: CO32- + H2O as products earns two product points. CO32- alone as product earns one product point. HCO3- + H2O earns one product point.
A concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid is added to solid potassium permanganate.: H+ + Cl- + KMnO4

K+ + Mn2+ + Cl2 + H2O

Note: HCl and MnO4- acceptable as reactants. Any valid redox product earns one point. All four product earns two points. K+ and/or H2O only as products earns no credit. If both H+ and H2O omitted, then maximum of two points possible.
A small piece of sodium metal is added to distilled water.: Na + H2O

H2 + Na+ + OH-

Note: all three products earn two product points. Any valid redox product earns one product point.
A solution of potassium dichromate is added to an acidified solution of iron(II) chloride.: Cr2O72- + Fe2+ + H+

Cr3+ + Fe3+ + H2O

Note: All three products earn two product points. Any valid redox product earns one product point. H2O only earns no credit. If Cl- Cl2 instead of Fe2+ Fe3+, then maximum of two points possible.
Ethanol is burned in oxygen.: C2H5OH + O2

CO2 + H2O

CO acceptable as oxidized form of carbon; C acceptable as product if accompanied be CO or CO2
Solid barium oxide is added to distilled water.: BaO + H2O

Ba2+ + OH-

Only 1 product point awarded for Ba(OH)2
Chlorine gas is bubbled into a cold, dilute solution of potassium hydroxide.: Cl2 + OH-

Cl- + ClO¯ (+ H2O)

both an oxidized and a reduced form of Cl necessary for 2 product points; H2O not necessary as product; both ClO- and ClO2- acceptable as oxidized forms of Cl 1 point deducted if acidic products shown (e.g., H+, HClO, HCl)
A solution of iron(II) nitrate is exposed to air for an extended period of time.: Fe2+ + O2 (+ H2O)

Fe2O3 or FeO(OH) or Fe(OH)3

Fe3+, Fe3+ + OH-, and FeO2 or Fe3O4 awarded only 1 product point
Excess concentrated sulfuric acid is added to solid calcium phosphate.: H2SO4 + Ca3(PO4)2

H3PO4 + CaSO4

no ionized form of H3PO4 acceptable; CaSO4 may appear as Ca2+ + SO42-, or Ca2+ + HSO4-, or Ca(HSO4)2
Hydrogen sulfide gas is bubbled into a solution of mercury(II) chloride.: H2S + Hg2+

HgS + H+

OR

H2S + HgCl2

HgS + H+ + Cl-

If reactant is HgCl2, products must include Cl-
Solid calcium hydride is added to distilled water.: CaH2 + H2O

Ca2+ + OH- (or Ca(OH)2) + H2

no ionized form of CaH2 is acceptable; no H- as a reactant
A bar of zinc metal is immersed in a solution of copper(II) sulfate.: Zn + Cu2+

Zn2+ + Cu
Solid calcium carbonate is strongly heated.: CaCO3

CaO + CO2
A piece of nickel metal is immersed in a solution of copper(II) sulfate.: Ni + Cu2+

Ni2+ + Cu

hydrated ions acceptable with correct charge; 1 point for Ni(OH)2 as product
Equal volumes of equimolar solutions of disodium hydrogen phosphate and hydrochloric acid are mixed.: HPO42- + H+

H2PO4-

incorrect charge on H2PO4- when only one product occurs, 1 point only; 1 product point for transfer if H+ from an ionic reactant to product when a phosphate species is incorrectly but consistently written.
Chlorine gas is bubbled into a solution of sodium bromide.: Cl2 + Br-

Cl- + Br2

no credit for monatomic Cl as reactant or Br as product
Ammonia gas is bubbled into a solution of ethanoic (acetic) acid.: NH3 + HC2H3O2

C2H3O2- + NH4+

1 product point for NH4C2H3O2; 1 point for NH3 + H+ NH4
Solid ammonium carbonate is added to a saturated solution of barium hydroxide.: (NH4)2CO3 + Ba2+ + OH-

NH3 + BaCO3 + H2O

1 product point for either NH3 or BaCO3; 2 product points for all three species correct
Drops of liquid dinitrogen trioxide are added to distilled water.: N2O3 + H2O

HNO2

1 product point for H+ + NO2-
Solutions of potassium permanganate and sodium oxalate are mixed.: MnO4- + C2O42-

MnO2 + CO2

no penalty for OH- or H2O in equation; no point earned for Mn2+ as product
Excess potassium hydroxide solution is added to a solution of aluminum nitrate.: Al3+ + OH-

Al(OH)3

Other acceptable products: Al(OH)4-; Al(OH)4(H2O)2-; Al2O3xH2O; AlO2-
A solution of sodium bromide is added to an acidified solution of potassium bromate.: H+ + Br- + BrO3-

Br2 + H2O
Sulfur dioxide gas is bubbled into distilled water.: SO2 + H2O

H2SO3 (or H+ + HSO3- or H+ + HSO3- + SO32-)
Phosphine (phosphorus trihydride) gas is bubbled into liquid boron trichloride.: SO2 + H2O

H2SO3 (or H+ + HSO3- or H+ + HSO3- + SO32-)
Hydrogen gas is passed over hot iron(II) oxide powder.: H2 + FeO

H3O + Fe
Solid potassium amide is added to distilled water.: KNH2 + H2O

NH3 + OH- + K+ (or NH4OH + OH- + K+)
A strip of magnesium metal is heated strongly in pure nitrogen gas.: Mg + N2

Mg3N2
A solution of nickel chloride is added to a solution of sodium sulfide.: Ni2+ + S2-

NiS

Ni2+ + H2S

NiS + H+

Ni2+ + HS-

NiS + H+
Solutions of tin(II) chloride and iron(III) chloride are mixed.: Sn2+ + Fe3+

Sn4+ + Fe2+
Solutions of cobalt(II) nitrate and sodium hydroxide are mixed.: Co2+ + OH-

Co(OH)2 (s)
Ethene gas is burned in air.: C2H4 + O2

CO2 + H2O
Equal volumes of equimolar solutions of phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide are mixed.: H3PO4 + OH-

H2PO4- + H2O
Solid calcium sulfite is heated in a vacuum.: CaSO3

CaO + SO2
Excess hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of diamminesilver(I) nitrate.: H+ + Cl- + Ag(NH3)2+

NH4+ + AgCl

(AgCl2- as a product is possible if the HCl is concentrated and in excess)
Solid sodium oxide is added to distilled water.: Na2O + H2O

Na+ + OH
A strip of zinc is added to a solution of 6.0-molar hydrobromic acid.: Zn + H+

H2 + Zn2+

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