chem vocab 7 topic
Terms
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- chemical bond
- mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together
- octet rule
- chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
- ionic bond
- the chemical bond resulting from electrical attraction between large numbers of cations and anions
- covalent bond
- a chemical bond reslting from the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms
- polar covalent bond
- a covalent bond in hwich the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction fro the shared electrons
- non polar covalent bond
- a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge
- bond energy
- the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
- bond length
- the distance between tow bonded atoms at their ninimum potential energy, that is, the average distance between tow bonded atoms
- chemical formula
- a formula that indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compund by using atomic symols and unmerical subscripts
- diatomic molecule
- a molecule containing only two atoms
- Lewis structure
- a formula in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot-pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent electron pairs in covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons
- lone pair
- a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and hat belongs exclusively to one atom
- molecule
- a neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds
- resonance
- the bonding in molecules or ions taht cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure
- unshared pair
- a pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom
- formula unit
- the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be established
- lattice energy
- the energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compund is formed form gaseious ions
- polyatomic ion
- a charged group of covalently bonded atoms
- ductility
- the ablility of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire
- malleablility
- the ablility of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets