obesity
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- Reilly et al (2001)
- consequences of obesity in childhood - psychosocial, poor self esteem, depression, eating disorders, sleep apnoea, asthma, exercise intolerance. 1/2 selfconscoius/disappointed about body image
- Mokdad et al (2001)
- prevalence of obesity rising, significant increase in comparison to 199. increased obesity in lower social classes
- wardle et al (1995)
- children's views - overweight = ugly, selfish, lazy, stupid. normal - clever, attractive, healthy
- latner & stunkard (2003)
- obese children stigmatised more than disabled
- tate et al (2001)
- internet as a means to deliver weight loss treatments, better than internet education alone
- NAO report (2001)
- 18 million sick days/year, 40,000 lost years of working life through premature death.
- wardle (1980)
- obese women in 3 conditions: diet group, exercise group, control group. diet group ate more than both exercise & control, causal link between dieting & overeating
- Byrne et al (2004)
- factors predicting weight regain - cognitive style, dichotomous thinking
- Knowler et al (2002)
- intensive behavioural treatment + diet & exercise advice > drug + simple diet + exercise advice > placebo + advice
- jeffrey et al (1993)
- behavioural treatment for obesity - behaviour therapy more effective than self-help
- television & obesity
- direct effect on metabolism: sedentary behaviour displaces active behaviours. direct effect on food intake: consumption of energy dense snacks druing viewing
- wadden et al (2002)
- stigma of being over weight, obese people viewed as lazy, incompetent, lack of self discipline. evidence of discrimination: university admissions, job applications, place to live. beliefs: body weight is infinitely malleable if you try hardenough - overweight don't try hard enough, sign of poor character
- behavioural treatment
- group programme, usually 12-20 weeks, behavioural advice - goal setting, self monitoring, stimulus control, reinforcement. advice on portion control, reduction of high fat & high energy dense foods, reduction of calories, increase in fruit & veg, increased activities of daily life & leisure time physical activity
- counterweight project (2003)
- significant increase in risk of type II diatbetes, hypertension, vascular disease
- english health survey (1998)
- 31% women, 46% men overweight, 1 in 25 children obese, 1 in 5 overweight
- thomson et al (2003)
- food eaten away from home predicted relative BMI change in adolescent girls/consumption of fast food tracks from childhood into adolescence. changes in food practices: fast food consumption, reduced frequency of family meals, restrained eating/meal skipping/soft drink consumption increased 500% in last 50 years
- epstein et al (1994)
- including parent in treatment more effective than child alone
- national diet & nutrition survey (2000)
- fibre lower than adult recommendation/sugar above adult recc/less than half meet fruit & veg rec