joints/nerves/compartments of lower extremity
Terms
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- Bones of pelvis:
-
-ilium
-ischium
-pubis
-sacrum - Joints of pelvis (2) / type
-
Sacroiliac - synovial
Pubic symphysis - fibrous, not synovial. - Which Sacroiliac joint is more easily torn?
- Anterior - will result in high riding pelvis
- Posterior SI joint protects:
- Lumbosacral plexus
- If you're going to fracture the Femoral Neck, where is it best to do so?
- Lateral to the intertrochanter line - there's a larger blood supply so it heals better here.
- 3 surfaces articulate in the knee joint:
-
-Patello-femoral
-Medial femoral-tibial
-Lateral Femoral-Tibial - Which meniscus in the knee is more commonly injured?
- Medial
- What does NOT participate in the knee joint?
- Fibula
- Why can't the meniscus be repaired if it's torn in the inner 1/3rd?
- There is no blood supply there.
- Which ligament of the knee is most commonly torn? In who?
- ACL - 3 times more common in women
- Which ankle ligaments are more clinically significant?
- LAteral
- Which ligament is most commonly sprained in the ankle?
- ANTERIOR talofibular ligament; results in inversion of the ankle.
-
Tibial nerve
-supplies what
-Becomes what -
-Supplies Posterior compartment
-Becomes Medial/Lateral plantar nerves of the foot. - Common Fibular nerve - injury will cause what?
- Foot drop
- What inherited disease causes foot drop like symptoms?
- Charcot-Marie Tooth disease - loss of common peroneal function results in loss atrophy in anterior and lateral compartments.
- Common fibular nerve becomes what 2 branches to supply:
-
-Superficial - lateral compartm
-Deep - anterior compartment - What supplies DORSUM of FOOT?
- Superficial fibular nerve; after supplying the peroneal muscles, wraps by the lateral ankle.
- What supplies the QUARTER SIZED SPOT BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SECOND TOE?
- Deep fibular nerve
- Saphenous nerve
-
-Branch of femoral
-Cutaneous to medial lower leg - Sural nerve
- Cutaneous branhces of Tibial (medial sural) and Common fibular (lateral Sural).
- What does the sural nerve give innervation to?
- The lateral, posterior, lower leg, and foot - except plantar and dorsum.
- What gets innervation from the bottom of foot?
- Tibial - medial/lateral plantars
-
Anterior compartment:
-nerve
-artery
-action -
Nerve: deep fibular
Artery: Anterior tibial
Action: dorsiflexion - Anterior compartment muscles:
-
-Anterior tibialis
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Extensor hallucis longus -
Lateral compartment:
-nerve
-artery
-action -
Nerve: Superficial fibular
Artery: Fibular artery - located in posterior compartment though!
Action: Eversion/Dorsi - Posterior compartment muscles:
- Peroneus longus and brevis
-
Superficial posterior comprtmnt:
-nerve
-artery
-action -
Nerve: Tibial
Artery: Posterior tibial
Action: Antigravity, slight leg flexion due to gastroc - Muscles in Superficial posterior compartment:
-
Gastroc/Soleus -> plantarflex
Plantaris -> no action -
Deep posterior compartment:
-nerve
-artery
-action -
Nerve: Tibial
Arter: Posterior tibial
Action: Plantarflex/Inversion - Deep posterior compartment muscles:
-
-Posterior tibialis
-Flexor hallucis longus
-Flexor digitorum longus
-Popliteus - For the following muscles name the nerve
- ok
- Extensor digitorum brevis
- Deep fibular nerve (same as for extensor digit longus)
- Abductor hallicus and Flexor digitorum brevis:
- Medial Plantar nerve
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Lateral plantar nerve
-
Quadratus plantae
(function of this?) -
Lateral plantar nerve
-adjust the pull of flexor digitorum longus tendon toward heel) - Lumbricals - on what?
- Ride on FDL tendons 2-5; 2 innervations don't need to know.
-
Flexor hallucis brevis
(inserts where) -
Medial plantar nerve
-on 2 sesamoid bones -
Adductor hallucis
(inserts where) -
Lateral plantar nerve
-Both oblique/transverse heads insert on sesamoid bones. - Flexor digiti minimi brevis
- Lateral plantar nerve
- Interossei
- Lateral plantar nerve
- Dorsal interossei action
- Abduct (DAB)
- Plantar interossei
- Adduct (PAD)